论文标题
库仑相互作用的量子破坏性
Quantum decoherence by Coulomb interaction
论文作者
论文摘要
现代量子设备在通信，计量或显微镜检查中的性能取决于量子 - 古典相互作用，这通常由反谐解理论描述。尽管与量子电子学上的长相干时间相关，但库仑力介导的破坏性机制尚不清楚，并且存在几种相互竞争的理论模型。在这里，我们介绍了一项实验研究，该研究对库仑诱导的自由电子在叠加状态下在靠近半导体和金属表面的叠加状态下的叠加状态。通过在不同的梁路径分离，表面距离和导电性下的对比度损失来确定变质。为了阐明当前的文献讨论，将四个理论模型与我们的数据进行了比较。我们可以排除其中的三个，并与基于宏观量子电动力学的理论达成很好的一致性。结果将使新型量子仪器设计中特定的分流通道的确定和最小化。
The performance of modern quantum devices in communication, metrology or microscopy relies on the quantum-classical interaction which is generally described by the theory of decoherence. Despite the high relevance for long coherence times in quantum electronics, decoherence mechanisms mediated by the Coulomb force are not well understood yet and several competing theoretical models exist. Here, we present an experimental study of the Coulomb-induced decoherence of free electrons in a superposition state in a biprism electron interferometer close to a semiconducting and metallic surface. The decoherence was determined through a contrast loss at different beam path separations, surface distances and conductibilities. To clarify the current literature discussion, four theoretical models were compared to our data. We could rule out three of them and got good agreement with a theory based on macroscopic quantum electrodynamics. The results will enable the determination and minimization of specific decoherence channels in the design of novel quantum instruments.
