论文标题

SU(n)对称性

Collective modes of ultracold fermionic alkaline-earth gases with SU(N) symmetry

论文作者

Choudhury, Sayan, Islam, Kazi R., Hou, Yanhua, Aman, Jim A., Killian, Thomas C., Hazzard, Kaden R. A.

论文摘要

我们计算了具有核自由度的SU($ n $)对称性的Ultracold捕获碱 - 地球费米原子的集体模式,以及可控的$ n $,其$ n $的$ n $高达$ 10 $。我们在正常阶段计算二维和三维和谐捕获的气体的呼吸和四极模式。我们特别集中于二维气体,在该气体上,在实验上更容易进入,并且物理学具有特殊的特征。我们呈现结果是温度,相互作用强度,密度和$ n $的函数。我们包括整个无碰撞到流体动力跨界的计算。我们假设气体相互作用较弱,因此可以通过包含均值场项和碰撞积分的Boltzmann-Vlasov方程来描述它。我们通过近似缩放的安萨兹(Ansatz)解决此问题,以二维的态度谨慎,以保留系统的缩放对称性。我们预测集体模式的频移和阻尼,表明这些模式在实验相关的方案中是可以测量的。我们希望这些结果能够提供强大的工具来表征相互作用和碱 - 地球气体的状态,并为未来的工作奠定基础,例如强烈的相互作用的气体和SU($ n $)旋转模式。

We calculate the collective modes of ultracold trapped alkaline-earth fermionic atoms, which possess an SU($N$) symmetry of the nuclear spin degree of freedom, and a controllable $N$, with $N$ as large as $10$. We calculate the breathing and quadrupole modes of two-dimensional and three-dimensional harmonically trapped gases in the normal phase. We particularly concentrate on two-dimensional gases, where the shift is more accessible experimentally, and the physics has special features. We present results as a function of temperature, interaction strength, density, and $N$. We include calculations across the collisionless to hydrodynamic crossover. We assume the gas is interacting weakly, such that it can be described by a Boltzmann-Vlasov equation that includes both mean-field terms and the collision integral. We solve this with an approximate scaling ansatz, taking care in two-dimensions to preserve the scaling symmetry of the system. We predict the collective mode frequency shifts and damping, showing that these are measurable in experimentally relevant regimes. We expect these results to furnish powerful tools to characterize interactions and the state of alkaline-earth gases, as well as to lay the foundation for future work, for example on strongly interacting gases and SU($N$) spin modes.

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