论文标题
天空中的量子黑洞
Quantum Black Holes in the Sky
论文作者
论文摘要
黑洞可能是我们宇宙中最神秘的对象。从重力波的发现，到星系中心的快照，黑洞的天体物理学在过去4年中进行了观察性的文艺复兴时期。然而，它们仍然是积极的游乐场，以实现强烈的重力和量子效应，在这种情况下，难以捉摸的量子重力理论的新方面可能很难做到。在这篇评论文章中，我们概述了为什么“量子黑洞”与爱因斯坦一般相对论中的经典同行可能完全不同。然后，我们讨论量子黑洞的观察性特征，重点是重力波回声作为吸烟枪，用于量子透明（或外来紧凑的物体），这导致了最近的近期兴奋和活性。我们回顾了引力波回声的理论基础，并批判性地检查了关于其（非）存在的看似矛盾的观察性主张。最后，我们讨论了未来的理论和观察性景观，以揭示“天空中的量子黑洞”。
Black Holes are possibly the most enigmatic objects in our Universe. From their detection in gravitational waves upon their mergers, to their snapshot eating at the centres of galaxies, black hole astrophysics has undergone an observational renaissance in the past 4 years. Nevertheless, they remain active playgrounds for strong gravity and quantum effects, where novel aspects of the elusive theory of quantum gravity may be hard at work. In this review article, we provide an overview of the strong motivations for why "Quantum Black Holes" may be radically different from their classical counterparts in Einstein's General Relativity. We then discuss the observational signatures of quantum black holes, focusing on gravitational wave echoes as smoking guns for quantum horizons (or exotic compact objects), which have led to significant recent excitement and activity. We review the theoretical underpinning of gravitational wave echoes and critically examine the seemingly contradictory observational claims regarding their (non-)existence. Finally, we discuss the future theoretical and observational landscape for unraveling the "Quantum Black Holes in the Sky".
