论文标题
ART $^2 $:连续和原子和分子线的3D平行多波长辐射传输代码
ART$^2$: A 3D Parallel Multi-wavelength Radiative Transfer Code for Continuum and Atomic and Molecular Lines
论文作者
论文摘要
ART $^2 $是3D多波长蒙特卡洛辐射转移(RT)代码,该代码将连续和发射线耦合,以跟踪光子的传播及其与星际介质(ISM)的相互作用。先前版本的ART $^2 $,包括Continuum和Ly $ ly $α$系列,已广泛应用于流体动力学模拟,以研究星系和ISM的多波段性能。在这里,我们描述了分子和原子良好结构发射线的非本地热力学平衡RT的新实现,以及使用许多新方法的代码并行化。新的艺术$^2 $可以有效且一致地产生一个完整的频谱,其中包括连续元素和[CII],[NII],[OIII],[OIII],LY $α$和CO。这些基本功能,以及多相模型和自适应网络的多型$^2 $ wavel aft aft aft y Multi groupe of Art after taff ARTERTATE的A.行星磁盘到大规模结构。 为了证明新的ART $^2 $的能力,我们将其应用于两个流体动力学模拟:缩放银河系模拟以获取单个星系的全质特性,以及大规模的Illustristng100模拟,以获取诸如线强度映射等全球属性。这些产品对于广泛的研究至关重要,例如物理和全质特性之间的相关性及其进化。通过启用数值模拟与多波段观测之间的直接比较,ART $^2 $为解释现有观测值,未来调查计划以及多频段星系SURVEYS和线强度映射之间的协同作用提供了至关重要的理论框架。因此,Art $^2 $是一种强大而多才多艺的工具,可以弥合理论和观察到宇宙结构之间的差距。
ART$^2$ is a 3D multi-wavelength Monte Carlo radiative transfer (RT) code that couples continuum and emission lines to track the propagation of photons and their interactions with the interstellar medium (ISM). The previous version of ART$^2$, which included continuum and Ly$α$ line, has been extensively applied to hydrodynamics simulations to study multi-band properties of galaxies and ISM. Here, we describe new implementations of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium RT of molecular and atomic fine structure emission lines, and the parallelization of the code using a number of novel methods. The new ART$^2$ can efficiently and self-consistently produce a full spectrum that includes both continuum and lines such as [CII], [NII], [OIII], Ly$α$, and CO. These essential features, together with the multi-phase ISM model and the adaptive grid, make ART$^2$ a multi-purpose code to study multi-wavelength properties of a wide range of astrophysical systems from planetary disks to large-scale structures. To demonstrate the capability of the new ART$^2$, we applied it to two hydrodynamics simulations: the zoom-in Milky Way Simulation to obtain panchromatic properties of individual galaxies, and the large-scale IllustrisTNG100 Simulation to obtain global properties such as the line intensity mappings. These products are essential for a broad array of studies such as the correlations between physical and panchromatic properties and their evolution. By enabling direct comparison between numerical simulations and multi-band observations, ART$^2$ provides a crucial theoretical framework for the interpretations of existing observations, the plan for future surveys, and the synergy between multi-band galaxy surveys and line intensity mappings. Therefore, ART$^2$ is a powerful and versatile tool to bridge the gap between theories and observations of cosmic structures.