论文标题

用于检测许多信号的离散卡方方法

Discrete Chi-square Method for Detecting Many Signals

论文作者

Jetsu, Lauri

论文摘要

对于不均匀的数据,很难对未知趋势的信号进行明确检测。在这里,我们制定了离散的卡方方法(DCM),该方法可以确定许多信号叠加在任意多项式趋势上的最佳模型。 DCM最大程度地减少了多维测试频率空间中数据的卡方。所需的测试频率组合数量仍然易于管理,因为在此测试频率空间中,方法测试统计量是对称的。随着我们已知的恒定频率网格值,非线性DCM模型变为线性,所有结果变得明确。我们使用模拟数据测试DCM,其中包含信号和趋势的不同混合物。如果信号频率彼此不太接近,并且没有信号太弱,则DCM给出了明确的结果。它依赖于蛮力的计算力,因为测试了所有合理线性模型的所有可能的免费参数组合。 DCM的工作就像通过购买所有彩票赢得彩票。任何人都可以使用DCM计算机代码重现我们的所有结果。所有文件,变量和其他程序代码相关的项目均以洋红色颜色打印。我们的附录提供了使用DCM.Py的详细说明。我们还提出了一个初步的真实用例,其中DCM应用于观察到的(O)减去二进制恒星,XZ和的计算(C)Eclipse时期。该DCM分析揭示了该系统中可能存在第三个和第四个机构的证据。一项对非常大的二进制恒星样品的最新研究表明,从脱毛二进制的O-C数据中检测第四个机构的概率仅为0.00005。

Unambiguous detection of signals superimposed on unknown trends is difficult for unevenly spaced data. Here, we formulate the Discrete Chi-square Method (DCM) that can determine the best model for many signals superimposed on arbitrary polynomial trends. DCM minimizes the Chi-square for the data in the multi-dimensional tested frequency space. The required number of tested frequency combinations remains manageable, because the method test statistic is symmetric in this tested frequency space. With our known tested constant frequency grid values, the non-linear DCM model becomes linear, and all results become unambiguous. We test DCM with simulated data containing different mixtures of signals and trends. DCM gives unambiguous results, if the signal frequencies are not too close to each other, and none of the signals is too weak. It relies on brute computational force, because all possible free parameter combinations for all reasonable linear models are tested. DCM works like winning a lottery by buying all lottery tickets. Anyone can reproduce all our results with the DCM computer code. All files, variables and other program code related items are printed in magenta colour. Our Appendix gives detailed instructions for using dcm.py. We also present one preliminary real use case, where DCM is applied to the observed (O) minus the computed (C) eclipse epochs of a binary star, XZ And. This DCM analysis reveals evidence for the possible presence of a third and a fourth body in this system. One recent study of a very large sample of binary stars indicated that the probability for detecting a fourth body from the O-C data of eclipsing binaries is only about 0.00005.

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