论文标题
估计非无效假设的数量和效果大小
Estimating the number and effect sizes of non-null hypotheses
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了在多个测试设置中估计效果大小分布（替代假设下的测试统计统计统计量的平均值）的问题。知道此分布使我们能够计算任何实验设计的功率（II型误差）。我们表明，可以使用廉价的试点实验来估算此分布，该实验的样本明显少于确定发现的实验所需的样本。我们的估计器可用于确保将来在未来实验中使用给定的实验设计进行的发现数量。我们证明，这种简单且计算上有效的估计器具有许多有利的理论特性，并证明了其对果蝇中流感抑制基因敲除实验的数据有效性。
We study the problem of estimating the distribution of effect sizes (the mean of the test statistic under the alternate hypothesis) in a multiple testing setting. Knowing this distribution allows us to calculate the power (type II error) of any experimental design. We show that it is possible to estimate this distribution using an inexpensive pilot experiment, which takes significantly fewer samples than would be required by an experiment that identified the discoveries. Our estimator can be used to guarantee the number of discoveries that will be made using a given experimental design in a future experiment. We prove that this simple and computationally efficient estimator enjoys a number of favorable theoretical properties, and demonstrate its effectiveness on data from a gene knockout experiment on influenza inhibition in Drosophila.
