论文标题

对银河磁场模型的更详细观察:使用HII区域中的免费吸收

A more detailed look at Galactic magnetic field models: using free-free absorption in HII regions

论文作者

Polderman, I. M., Haverkorn, M., Jaffe, T. R.

论文摘要

观察到的宇宙射线(CRS)和银河磁场(GMF)的相互作用产物是在视线线(LOS)上集成的银河同步发射。可以通过使用现有的GMF模型和CR密度模型将该示踪剂与模拟进行比较,可以探测GMF强度和形态和CR密度。我们的目的是通过探索和解释模拟和同步强度观察之间的差异来洞悉这些参数。在低无线电频率下,由于免费吸收,HII区域变得不透明。使用这些HII区域,我们可以通过星系在LOS的一部分上测量同步加速器强度。测得的每单位路径长度的强度,即,对于不同距离的HII区域的发射率将允许探测距离第三维的同步加速器发射的变化。使用许多现有的GMF模型与银河CR建模代码GALPROP结合使用,我们可以模拟这些同步加速器发射。我们提出了根据文献收集的HII区域低频吸收测量结果的最新目录。我们报告了模拟的发射率,显示了接近观察者的HII区域的兼容趋势。而且,我们观察到远离观察者的HII区域的系统增加的同步加速器发射率,这与模拟值不兼容。当前的GMF和CR密度模型无法解释低频吸收测量值。一种可能性是,运动“远”距离上所有HII地区的距离是错误的,尽管这不太可能忽略文献中的所有证据。但是,由于该示踪剂的性质,检测偏见要求我们牢记在观察中可能会错过某些来源。其他可能性是外星系中的发射率增强或内部星系中的发射率降低。

The observed interaction product of Cosmic Rays (CRs) and Galactic magnetic fields (GMF) is the Galactic synchrotron emission integrated over the line-of-sight (LOS). The GMF strength and morphology and the CR density can be probed by comparing this tracer to simulations using existing GMF models and CR density models. Our aim is to provide insight into these parameters by exploring and explaining the differences between simulations and observations of synchrotron intensity. At low radio frequencies HII regions become opaque due to free-free absorption. Using these HII regions we can measure the synchrotron intensity over a part of the LOS through the Galaxy. The measured intensity per unit path length, i.e. the emissitivity, for HII regions at different distances, will allow probing variation in synchrotron emission in the third dimension of distance. Using a number of existing GMF models in conjunction with the Galactic CR modeling code GALPROP we can simulate these synchrotron emissivities. We present an updated catalog of low-frequency absorption measurements of HII regions compiled from the literature. We report a simulated emissivity that shows a compatible trend for HII regions that are near to the observer. And we observe a systematically increasing synchrotron emissivity for HII regions that are far from the observer, which is not compatible with simulated values. Current GMF and CR density models cannot explain low-frequency absorption measurements. One possibility is that distances to all HII regions at the kinematic 'far' distance are wrong, though this is unlikely as it ignores all evidence in the literature. However, a detection bias due to the nature of this tracer requires us to keep in mind that certain sources may be missed in an observation. The other possibilities are an enhanced emissivity in the outer Galaxy or a diminished emissivity in the inner Galaxy.

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