论文标题

失忆洪水分析

Analysis of Amnesiac Flooding

论文作者

Turau, Volker

论文摘要

分布式系统中的广播操作用于将位于某些节点的信息传播到所有其他节点。洪水节点通常通过洪水来实现此操作,其中源节点将包含信息的消息发送给所有邻居。每个节点首次接收消息将其转发给所有其他邻居。同步系统洪水的无状态变体称为健忘症洪水。在这种情况下,每当节点收到消息时,它都会将其转发给那些邻居,在当前一轮中没有收到消息。该算法是遗忘的,因此可以很好地扩展。无状态协议在高批量应用中是有利的,通过消除会话信息保留和提供崩溃公差引起的负载来提高性能。在本文中,我们分析了失忆洪水的终止时间。我们定义了(k,c) - 污染问题,旨在查找$ k $的$ s $ s $,以便在所有节点均以$ s $ terminates同时启动时的失忆泛滥,以最少的回合数量。我们证明了这个问题是NP完成的。我们为失忆洪水的时间复杂性提供了尖锐的上限和下限,并揭示了两分和非双分化图之间的差异。所有结果均基于洞察力,即对于每个非双分歧图都存在一个两分图,因此在这两个图上的失忆洪水的执行密切相关。这种施工大大简化了失忆洪水的现有证据,并允许分析(k,c)污水问题。

The broadcast operation in distributed systems is used to spread information located at some nodes to all other nodes. This operation is often realized by flooding, where the source nodes send a message containing the information to all neighbors. Each node receiving the message for the first time forwards it to all other neighbors. A stateless variant of flooding for synchronous systems is called amnesiac flooding. In this case, every time a node receives a message, it forwards it to those neighbors, from which it did not receive the message in the current round. The algorithm is oblivious and therefore scales very well. Stateless protocols are advantageous in high volume applications, increasing performance by removing the load caused by retention of session information and by providing crash tolerance. In this paper we analyze the termination time of amnesiac flooding. We define the (k,c)-flooding problem, which aims at finding a set $S$ of size $k$, such that amnesiac flooding when started concurrently by all nodes of $S$ terminates in a minimal number of rounds. We prove that this problem is NP-complete. We provide sharp upper and lower bounds for the time complexity of amnesiac flooding and reveal a discrepancy between bipartite and non-bipartite graphs. All results are based on the insight, that for every non-bipartite graph there exists a bipartite graph such that the execution of amnesiac flooding on both graphs is strongly correlated. This construction considerably simplifies existing proofs for amnesiac flooding and allows to analyze the (k,c)-flooding problem.

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