论文标题

RTL设计中硬件特洛伊木马脆弱性的分析估计和定位

Analytical Estimation and Localization of Hardware Trojan Vulnerability in RTL Designs

论文作者

Islam, Sheikh Ariful, Sah, Love Kumar, Katkoori, Srinivas

论文摘要

专有知识产权(IP)最近以硬件特洛伊木马(HT)的形式增加了恶意逻辑插入的威胁。潜在的和隐形的HT是由在常规电路操作过程中很少切换的网触发的。在宿主设计中检测HT需要详尽的模拟,以在前和后硅前激活HT。尽管具有可变开关概率的网络小于阈值的网络主要选择了特洛伊木马触发的良好候选者,但是从输入信号的单词级别测量中,没有系统的精细粒度方法可早期检测到稀有网络。在本文中,我们提出了一种高级技术,以通过文字级信息从算术模块的罕见活性来估计网。具体来说,对于给定的模块,我们使用体系结构的内部构建知识来检测“低活动”和“本地区域”,而无需诉诸昂贵的RTL和其他低级模拟。提出的启发式方法从设计的低级细节中抽象出来,并描述了单词(体系结构)中的稀有活动(模块)作为信号统计的函数。稀有区域中网络的快速估计值使设计师可以在不了解比特活动的情况下开发紧凑的测试生成算法。我们确定输入信号中断点不同位置的影响,以计算方法的准确性。我们对六个加法架构和四个乘数体系结构进行了一组实验。在所有体系结构中,计算RTL模拟和估计值之间稀有网的平均误差均低于2%。

Offshoring the proprietary Intellectual property (IP) has recently increased the threat of malicious logic insertion in the form of Hardware Trojan (HT). A potential and stealthy HT is triggered with nets that switch rarely during regular circuit operation. Detection of HT in the host design requires exhaustive simulation to activate the HT during pre- and postsilicon. Although the nets with variable switching probability less than a threshold are primarily chosen as a good candidate for Trojan triggering, there is no systematic fine-grained approach for earlier detection of rare nets from word-level measures of input signals. In this paper, we propose a high-level technique to estimate the nets with the rare activity of arithmetic modules from word-level information. Specifically, for a given module, we use the knowledge of internal construction of the architecture to detect "low activity" and "local regions" without resorting to expensive RTL and other low-level simulations. The presented heuristic method abstracts away from the low-level details of design and describes the rare activity of bits (modules) in a word (architecture) as a function of signal statistics. The resulting quick estimates of nets in rare regions allows a designer to develop a compact test generation algorithm without the knowledge of the bit-level activity. We determine the effect of different positions of the breakpoint in the input signal to calculate the accuracy of the approach. We conduct a set of experiments on six adder architectures and four multiplier architectures. The average error to calculate the rare nets between RTL simulation and estimated values are below 2% in all architectures.

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