论文标题
木星赤道羽毛和热点:双子座/texes和Juno/MWR的光谱映射
Jupiter's Equatorial Plumes and Hot Spots: Spectral Mapping from Gemini/TEXES and Juno/MWR
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍了与明显的黑暗地层(也称为5- $ $ M热点)相关的热,化学和云对比度的多波长测量值,并在木星赤道区(EZ)和北赤道带(NEB)之间的边界上介入亮羽。 Texes 5-20 $ $ m m光谱仪在2017年3月在Gemini North望远镜上进行的观察结果揭示了12个热点的上流层特性,它们与Juno使用微波辐射计(MWR)的测量直接进行了比较,Jiram在5 $ $ M和Junoocam可见图像。 MWR和热边缘光谱结果在0.7 bar附近一致。中红外衍生的气溶胶不透明度与可见的albedo和5- $μ$ M不透明度地图一致。气溶胶的对比,多云的羽流的定义特征和贫血的热点,不是微波亮度的良好代理。与周围的环境相比,热点既不均匀地温暖,也不是氨气耗尽的。在0.7 bar时,热点边缘的微波亮度与NEB内的其他特征相当。相反,热点在1.5 bar时更明亮,表示温度温暖的温度和/或深度耗尽的NH $ _3 $。温度和氨在热点内是空间变化的,因此观测的精确位置与它们的解释很重要。反射羽流有时会增强NH $ _3 $,冷温和升高的气溶胶不透明度,但每个羽流都不同。羽流和热点都没有在通道中感应$ p> 10 $ bar的微波签名,这表明热点/羽流是相对较浅的特征。
We present multi-wavelength measurements of the thermal, chemical, and cloud contrasts associated with the visibly dark formations (also known as 5-$μ$m hot spots) and intervening bright plumes on the boundary between Jupiter's Equatorial Zone (EZ) and North Equatorial Belt (NEB). Observations made by the TEXES 5-20 $μ$m spectrometer at the Gemini North Telescope in March 2017 reveal the upper-tropospheric properties of 12 hot spots, which are directly compared to measurements by Juno using the Microwave Radiometer (MWR), JIRAM at 5 $μ$m, and JunoCam visible images. MWR and thermal-infrared spectroscopic results are consistent near 0.7 bar. Mid-infrared-derived aerosol opacity is consistent with that inferred from visible-albedo and 5-$μ$m opacity maps. Aerosol contrasts, the defining characteristics of the cloudy plumes and aerosol-depleted hot spots, are not a good proxy for microwave brightness. The hot spots are neither uniformly warmer nor ammonia-depleted compared to their surroundings at $p<1$ bar. At 0.7 bar, the microwave brightness at the edges of hot spots is comparable to other features within the NEB. Conversely, hot spots are brighter at 1.5 bar, signifying either warm temperatures and/or depleted NH$_3$ at depth. Temperatures and ammonia are spatially variable within the hot spots, so the precise location of the observations matters to their interpretation. Reflective plumes sometimes have enhanced NH$_3$, cold temperatures, and elevated aerosol opacity, but each plume appears different. Neither plumes nor hot spots had microwave signatures in channels sensing $p>10$ bars, suggesting that the hot-spot/plume wave is a relatively shallow feature.