论文标题
Kilonovae在光学调查中的可检测性：$ POST $ - $ MOTTEM $ LVC O3运行后续行动检查
Detectability of kilonovae in optical surveys: $post$-$mortem$ examination of the LVC O3 run follow-up
论文作者
论文摘要
检测二进制中子星合并GW170817和相关的电磁（EM）对应物，“ Kilonova”（KN）AT2017GFO，在多门机天文学中开设了一个新时代。但是，尽管做了很多努力，但事实证明，很难找到与许多Ligo/处女座紧凑型二元合并候选者的其他EM对应物。我们探索正在进行的光学调查的敏感性，以搜索KNE，并提出了优化过滤器和调查深度的选择的方法，以提高这些微弱和快速发展的瞬变的检测效率。特别是，我们使用KN模型来探索对喷射质量，几何，视角，波长覆盖范围和源距离的依赖性。考虑到O3 Ligo/处女座二进制中性星星合并候选者的距离是GW170817的距离约5倍，我们发现高效的$ GRI $对应方搜索需要达到限制幅度$ M _ {\ rm lim} = $ 23 mag，鉴于模型相位跨度型号。我们得出的结论是，即使在乐观的假设下，O3期间的KN搜索也太浅了，无法观察光学对应物，从而为缺乏检测提供了合理的解释。
The detection of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 and the associated electromagnetic (EM) counterpart, the "kilonova" (kN) AT2017gfo, opened a new era in multi-messenger astronomy. However, despite many efforts, it has been proven very difficult to find additional EM counterparts to the many LIGO/Virgo compact binary merger candidates since then. We explore the sensitivity of ongoing optical surveys searching for kNe and propose ways to optimize the choices of filters and survey depth to boost the detection efficiency for these faint and fast-evolving transients. In particular, we use kN models to explore the dependence on ejecta mass, geometry, viewing angle, wavelength coverage and source distance. Considering that the O3 LIGO/Virgo binary neutron star merger candidates were at distances about 5 times further than GW170817, we find that efficient $gri$ counterpart search would require reaching a limiting magnitude $m_{\rm lim}=$ 23 mag, given the model phase-space. We conclude that kN searches during O3 were generally too shallow to observe optical counterparts, even under optimistic assumptions, thus providing a plausible explanation for the lack of detections.
