论文标题
由恒定外力驱动的非平衡稳态经典粒子系统的统计力学
Statistical mechanics of a nonequilibrium steady-state classical particle system driven by a constant external force
论文作者
论文摘要
当集合平均漂移速度不会随时间变化时，由外部恒定力驱动的恒温器连接的经典粒子系统达到其稳态。这种系统的统计力学仅基于相等的概率和牙齿原则得出，而没有任何关于平衡统计力学或局部平衡假设的结论。动量空间分布由随机步行论点确定，并且位置空间分布由使用均等的概率和千古原理确定。然后推断出能量，熵，自由能和压力的表达式，并且还建立了外力，漂移速度和温度之间的关系。此外，发现对其平衡的放松是一种指数腐烂的过程，遵守最小熵产生定理。
A classical particle system coupled with a thermostat driven by an external constant force reaches its steady state when the ensemble-averaged drift velocity does not vary with time. The statistical mechanics of such a system is derived merely based on the equal probability and ergodicity principles, free from any conclusions drawn on equilibrium statistical mechanics or local equilibrium hypothesis. The momentum space distribution is determined by a random walk argument, and the position space distribution is determined by employing the equal probability and ergodicity principles. The expressions for energy, entropy, free energy, and pressures are then deduced, and the relation among external force, drift velocity, and temperature is also established. Moreover, the relaxation towards its equilibrium is found to be an exponentially decaying process obeying the minimum entropy production theorem.
