论文标题
单中间人干涉测量数据中的长期相关性
Long-Time Correlations in Single-Neutron Interferometry Data
论文作者
论文摘要
我们对单中性干涉仪获得的时间stamp的中子计数的时间序列进行了详细分析。中子计数统计数据显示了通常的泊松行为，但中子数的差异却没有。取而代之的是，发现该方差表现出对相变设置的依赖性，该设置可以通过概率模型来解释，该模型解释了相移的波动。检测事件的时间序列表现出长期相关性，幅度也取决于相移设置。这些相关性显示为减速振荡，周期约为2.8 s。通过仿真，我们表明可以通过假设相变的固定设置在实验中观察到的时间差异的相关性可以再现，而中子经历的相移则以2.8 s的周期定期变化。相同的模拟也重现了方差的行为。我们对实验数据的分析表明，单粒子干扰实验的时间戳记数据可能表现出需要在非平稳过程中描述的瞬态特征，超出了独立随机事件的标准量子模型。
We present a detailed analysis of the time series of time-stamped neutron counts obtained by single-neutron interferometry. The neutron counting statistics display the usual Poissonian behavior, but the variance of the neutron counts does not. Instead, the variance is found to exhibit a dependence on the phase-shifter setting which can be explained by a probabilistic model that accounts for fluctuations of the phase shift. The time series of the detection events exhibit long-time correlations with amplitudes that also depend on the phase-shifter setting. These correlations appear as damped oscillations with a period of about 2.8 s. By simulation, we show that the correlations of the time differences observed in the experiment can be reproduced by assuming that, for a fixed setting of the phase shifter, the phase shift experienced by the neutrons varies periodically in time with a period of 2.8 s. The same simulations also reproduce the behavior of the variance. Our analysis of the experimental data suggests that time-stamped data of singleparticle interference experiments may exhibit transient features that require a description in terms of non-stationary processes, going beyond the standard quantum model of independent random events.
