论文标题
细胞肌动蛋白皮层的力学：从信号到形状变化
Mechanics of the cellular actin cortex: from signalling to shape change
论文作者
论文摘要
肌动蛋白皮质是肌动蛋白，肌球蛋白和肌动蛋白结合蛋白的薄层，它是大多数动物细胞膜的基础。它具有高度动态性，可以通过蛋白质更换和肌球蛋白介导的收缩来进行数十秒钟的时间尺度进行重塑。皮层使细胞能够抵抗外部机械应力，控制细胞形状，并使细胞在其邻居上施加力。因此，其机械性能是其生理功能的关键。在这里，我们概述了皮质组成，结构和动力学如何控制皮层力学和细胞形状。我们以有丝分裂为例来说明皮质力学的全球和局部调节如何产生一系列复杂的细胞形状变化。
The actin cortex is a thin layer of actin, myosin, and actin binding proteins that underlies the membrane of most animal cells. It is highly dynamic and can undergo remodelling on time-scales of tens of seconds thanks to protein turnover and myosin-mediated contractions. The cortex enables cells to resist external mechanical stresses, controls cell shape, and allows cells to exert forces on their neighbours. Thus, its mechanical properties are key to its physiological function. Here, we give an overview of how cortex composition, structure, and dynamics control cortex mechanics and cell shape. We use mitosis as an example to illustrate how global and local regulation of cortex mechanics give rise to a complex series of cell shape changes.
