论文标题
有限的量子仪器
Finite Quantum Instruments
论文作者
论文摘要
本文考虑了有限维复杂的希尔伯特太空$ h $描述的量子系统。我们首先定义了在$ h $上可观察到的有限的概念。然后，我们讨论结合可观察到的方法，以凸组合，后处理和顺序产物的形式组合。我们还定义了互补和共存的可观察结果。然后，我们引入有限仪器及其相关的兼容可观察物。可观察物的先前组合和关系扩展到仪器，并比较它们的特性。我们提出四种类型的乐器；即身份，琐碎，吕德斯和克劳斯乐器。这些类型用于说明仪器可以采取的不同方式。接下来，我们考虑可观察和工具的联合概率。本文以讨论测量模型及其测量工具的讨论结束。
This article considers quantum systems described by a finite-dimensional complex Hilbert space $H$. We first define the concept of a finite observable on $H$. We then discuss ways of combining observables in terms of convex combinations, post-processing and sequential products. We also define complementary and coexistent observables. We then introduce finite instruments and their related compatible observables. The previous combinations and relations for observables are extended to instruments and their properties are compared. We present four types of instruments; namely, identity, trivial, Lüders and Kraus instruments. These types are used to illustrate different ways that instruments can act. We next consider joint probabilities for observables and instruments. The article concludes with a discussion of measurement models and the instruments they measure.
