论文标题
单个光子束的自我引用全息图
Self-referenced hologram of a single photon beam
论文作者
论文摘要
单光子空间结构的定量表征对于自由空间量子通信和量子成像至关重要。我们引入了一种干涉技术，该技术可以使单个光子的二维概率幅度的完整表征。重要的是，与使用参考光子进行相测量的方法相反，我们的技术依赖于单个光子干扰自身。我们的设置包括一个宣布的单光子源，具有未知的空间相和一个修改后的Mach-Zhhnder干涉仪，其中一个臂中有空间滤波器。空间滤波器去除未知的空间相，并且过滤的光束会干扰未改变的光束穿过干涉仪的另一臂。我们通过使用最低级干扰条纹重建了预示的单个光子的空间阶段，从而在实验中确认了我们的技术的可行性。该技术可以应用于单个光子的任意纯空间状态的表征。
Quantitative characterization of the spatial structure of single photons is essential for free-space quantum communication and quantum imaging. We introduce an interferometric technique that enables the complete characterization of a two-dimensional probability amplitude of a single photon. Importantly, in contrast to methods that use a reference photon for the phase measurement, our technique relies on a single photon interfering with itself. Our setup comprises of a heralded single-photon source with an unknown spatial phase and a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a spatial filter in one of its arms. The spatial filter removes the unknown spatial phase and the filtered beam interferes with the unaltered beam passing through the other arm of the interferometer. We experimentally confirm the feasibility of our technique by reconstructing the spatial phase of heralded single photons using the lowest order interference fringes. This technique can be applied to the characterization of arbitrary pure spatial states of single photons.
