论文标题
在一般空间异质性和时间周期性下，理想的自由散布
Ideal Free Dispersal under General Spatial heterogeneity and Time Periodicity
论文作者
论文摘要
据说，如果其每个成员都以优化其个体健身的方式选择了固定的空间位置，则据说人口在空间异质但暂时的环境中具有理想的自由分布，从而允许拥挤的影响。在本文中，我们扩展了与空间中特定位置相关的个体健身的想法，以说明单个生物体在周期性周期内所采取的空间和时间的完整路径，并将理想的自由分布的数学表述扩展到一般的时间周期性环境。我们发现，与许多其他情况一样，使用分散策略的种群可以产生广义理想的自由分配具有相对于种群使用不产生理想自由分配的策略的竞争优势。发现环境功能的尖锐标准是必要的，足以使这种理想的自由分布可行。在满足标准的情况下，我们表明存在分散策略，可以将其确定为产生理想的自由分布的时间周期版本，并且从适应性动态的角度来看，这些策略在进化上是稳定的，并且是邻里入侵者。我们的结果扩展了以前的工作，其中环境在时间上是恒定的，要么是时间周期性的，但总载能在时间上是恒定的。
A population is said to have an ideal free distribution in a spatially heterogeneous but temporally constant environment if each of its members have chosen a fixed spatial location in a way that optimizes its individual fitness, allowing for the effects of crowding. In this paper, we extend the idea of individual fitness associated with a specific location in space to account for the full path that an individual organism takes in space and time over a periodic cycle, and extend the mathematical formulation of an ideal free distribution to general time periodic environments. We find that, as in many other cases, populations using dispersal strategies that can produce a generalized ideal free distribution have a competitive advantage relative to populations using strategies that do not produce an ideal free distribution. A sharp criterion on the environmental functions is found to be necessary and sufficient for such ideal free distribution to be feasible. In the case the criterion is met, we showed that there exist dispersal strategies that can be identified as producing a time-periodic version of an ideal free distribution, and such strategies are evolutionarily steady and are neighborhood invaders from the viewpoint of adaptive dynamics. Our results extend previous works in which the environments are either temporally constant, or temporally periodic but the total carrying capacity is temporally constant.
