论文标题
精细结构常数连接原子和真空的极化性
Fine-Structure Constant Connects the Polarizability of Atoms and Vacuum
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了范德华（VDW）键合的双原子系统[Phys。莱特牧师。 {\ bf 121}，183401（2018）]。对于同核二聚体，这种关系由紧凑型公式$α_ {\ rm m}^{\ rm q} =φR_ {\ rm vdw}^7 $描述，其中vDW半径前面的常数因子是经过经验确定的。在这里，我们得出$φ=（4πε_0/a_0^4）\ timesα^{4/3} $，用真空电动介电常数$ε_0$，bohr radius $ a_0 $和Fine-Foncructure Consance Consance $α$表示。通过从原子极化的非相关量子力学计算和均衡性内部核vdw距离的非相关量子力学计算中估算优质常数的值来确认获得的公式的有效性。提出的派生允许将精细结构常数解释为真空和物质的极化密度之间的比率，而VDW半径成为真空场赋予原子的几何长度尺度。
We examine the recently derived quantum-mechanical relation between atomic polarizabilities and equilibrium internuclear distances in van der Waals (vdW) bonded diatomic systems [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 121}, 183401 (2018)]. For homonuclear dimers, this relation is described by the compact formula $α_{\rm m}^{\rm q} = ΦR_{\rm vdW}^7$, where the constant factor in front of the vdW radius was determined empirically. Here, we derive $Φ= (4πε_0/a_0^4) \times α^{4/3}$ expressed in terms of the vacuum electric permittivity $ε_0$, the Bohr radius $a_0$, and the fine-structure constant $α$. The validity of the obtained formula is confirmed by estimating the value of the fine-structure constant from non-relativistic quantum-mechanical calculations of atomic polarizabilities and equilibrium internuclear vdW distances. The presented derivation allows to interpret the fine-structure constant as the ratio between the polarizability densities of vacuum and matter, whereas the vdW radius becomes a geometrical length scale of atoms endowed by the vacuum field.
