论文标题
调节太阳周期幅度的非线性机制
Nonlinear mechanisms that regulate the solar cycle amplitude
论文作者
论文摘要
太阳能磁性活性周期的幅度在较宽但有限的值范围内变化。这意味着有一些非线性机制可防止解决失控的解决方案。本文的目的是在Babcock-Leighton型发电机的框架中提出可观察到的非线性机制。黑子出现表明，强循环倾向于具有较高的平均纬度和较低的倾斜角系数。我们使用表面通量传输模型来研究这些系统特性对预期的最终偶极力矩的影响，即取消加整个太阳周期的偶极矩的产生。我们证明，纬度的系统变化与倾斜（倾斜淬灭）一样，对太阳周期（纬度淬火）具有类似的非线性反馈。两种形式的淬灭都会导致预期的最终总偶极力矩可以增强弱循环，并饱和到正常和强循环的恒定值。这解释了观察到的长期太阳周期变异性，例如Gnevyshev-Ohl规则，这反过来又证明了Babcock-Leighton型发电机中固有的非线性机制合理。
The solar magnetic activity cycle has an amplitude that varies within a wide but limited range of values. This implies that there are nonlinear mechanisms that prevent runaway solutions. The purpose of this paper is to propose observable nonlinear mechanisms in the framework of the Babcock-Leighton-type dynamo. Sunspot emergences show systematic properties that strong cycles tend to have higher mean latitudes and lower tilt angle coefficients. We use the surface flux transport model to investigate the effect of these systematic properties on the expected final total dipolar moment, i.e. cancellation plus generation of dipole moment by a whole solar cycle. We demonstrate that the systematic change in latitude has similar nonlinear feedback on the solar cycle (latitudinal quenching) as tilt does (tilt quenching). Both forms of quenching lead to the expected final total dipolar moment being enhanced for weak cycles and being saturated to a nearly constant value for normal and strong cycles. This explains observed long-term solar cycle variability, e.g., the Gnevyshev-Ohl rule, which, in turn, justifies the nonlinear mechanisms inherent in the Babcock-Leighton-type dynamo.
