论文标题

冥王星 - 夏隆系统的宽二元起源

The Wide-Binary Origin of The Pluto-Charon System

论文作者

Rozner, Mor, Grishin, Evgeni, Perets, Hagai B.

论文摘要

冥王星 - 夏隆二元系统是二元kuiper belt种群的最佳研究代表。它的起源对于理解其他kupier belt对象(KBO)和二进制文件的形成以及外部太阳系的演变至关重要。据信,冥王星 - 夏隆系统在相对较低的速度下两个巨大的KBO之间产生了巨大的影响。但是,两个最大的KBO之间发生随机直接碰撞的可能性很低,并且受到低速碰撞的要求进一步限制了这一可能性,这使得这是潜在的微调场景。在这里,我们扩展了以前的研究,并建议原始冥王星 - 夏隆系统形成是一种高度倾斜的宽二元,然后通过世俗的/准西方的进化驱动到直接影响。由于宽二元在Kuiper带中无处不在,许多人预计会非常倾斜,因此我们的情况有望稳健。我们使用三重太阳(原始)pluto-charon系统的分析工具和少量模拟,以表明最初条件的大参数空间会导致这种碰撞。这种影响的速度是结合系统的逃逸速度,这自然解释了低速影响。因此,冥王星 - 夏隆系统的动力学演化和​​起源可以追溯到与其他二进制文件和接触二元组(例如Arrokoth)相似的世俗起源(例如Arrokoth),并建议它们在KBOS的演变中起关键作用。

The Pluto-Charon binary system is the best-studied representative of the binary Kuiper-belt population. Its origins are vital to understanding the formation of other Kupier-belt objects (KBO) and binaries, and the evolution of the outer solar-system. The Pluto-Charon system is believed to form following a giant impact between two massive KBOs at relatively low velocities. However, the likelihood of a random direct collision between two of the most massive KBOs is low, and is further constrained by the requirement of a low-velocity collision, making this a potentially fine-tuned scenario. Here we expand our previous studies and suggest that the proto-Pluto-Charon system was formed as a highly inclined wide-binary, which was then driven through secular/quasi-secular evolution into a direct impact. Since wide-binaries are ubiquitous in the Kuiper-belt with many expected to be highly inclined, our scenario is expected to be robust. We use analytic tools and few-body simulations of the triple Sun-(proto-)Pluto-Charon system to show that a large parameter-space of initial conditions leads to such collisions. The velocity of such an impact is the escape velocity of a bound system, which naturally explains the low-velocity impact. The dynamical evolution and the origins of the Pluto-Charon system could therefore be traced to similar secular origins as those of other binaries and contact-binaries (e.g. Arrokoth), and suggest they play a key role in the evolution of KBOs.

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