论文标题
电子光束中量子相关性的产生，表征和操纵
Generation, Characterization and Manipulation of Quantum Correlations in Electron Beams
论文作者
论文摘要
纠缠工程在量子增强技术中扮演着核心角色，潜在的物理平台优于其经典同行。但是，尽管自由电子能够编码和操纵量子信息，但自由电子仍未开发，部分原因是缺乏合适的理论框架。在这里，我们将理论概念从量子信息链接到可用的自由电子资源。具体而言，我们考虑了在极化培养基表面附近传播的电子之间的相互作用，并研究由配对耦合引起的纠缠。这些相关性取决于受控的相互作用间隔和初始电子带宽。我们表明，宽带电子的较长相互作用时间扩展了其时间连贯性。反过来，这是通过扩大的Hong-Ou-Mandel峰揭示的，并与纠缠熵增加有关。然后，我们引入电子时间模式的离散基础，并通过与形状探针的巧合检测来区分它们之间。这为超快量子信息传输铺平了道路，通过自由电子的方式传输，使其在时域中涉及的大型字母。
Entanglement engineering plays a central role in quantum-enhanced technologies, with potential physical platforms that outperform their classical counterparts. However, free electrons remain largely unexplored despite their great capacity to encode and manipulate quantum information, due in part the lack of a suitable theoretical framework. Here we link theoretical concepts from quantum information to available free-electron sources. Specifically, we consider the interactions among electrons propagating near the surface of a polariton-supporting medium, and study the entanglement induced by pair-wise coupling. These correlations depend on controlled interaction interval and the initial electron bandwidth. We show that long interaction times of broadband electrons extend their temporal coherence. This in turn is revealed through a widened Hong-Ou-Mandel peak, and associated with an increased entanglement entropy. We then introduce a discrete basis of electronic temporal-modes, and discriminate between them via coincidence detection with a shaped probe. This paves the way for ultrafast quantum information transfer by means of free electrons, rendering the large alphabet that they span in the time domain accessible.
