论文标题
挑战者深层内波湍流事件
Challenger Deep internal wave turbulence events
论文作者
论文摘要
在海洋的战es中发现了海洋生物，深处降至近11公里。这种寿命受到超过1000个大气的大静压的特定环境条件。虽然预计目前的流量会很慢，但由于维持生命所需的新鲜营养素的交换有限，水就不会停滞不前。对于足够的营养供应，需要进行湍流交换的物理过程。但是，环境条件阻碍了此类水域的研究。为了研究潜在的湍流水动作，配备了专门设计的高分辨率温度传感器的绳子被停泊在挑战者深处最深的玛丽安娜沟槽中，近三年。对六天的初步分析，当时系泊仍证明了由于内部从上方破裂而导致的数百米倾斜的对流。相关的湍流耗散速率具有高于背景值的峰值一百倍被认为足以维持深处的寿命。湍流与大约一小时的千分之一温度异常相关。
Marine life has been detected in the ocean's trenches at great depths down to nearly 11 km. Such life is subject to particular environmental conditions of large static pressure exceeding 1000 atmosphere. While current flows are expected to be slow, waters cannot be stagnant with limited exchange of fresh nutrients needed to support life. For sufficient nutrient supply, the physics process of turbulent exchange is required. However, the environmental conditions hamper research in such waters. To study potential turbulent water motions, a string equipped with specially designed high-resolution temperature sensors was moored near the deepest point on Earth in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench for nearly three years. A preliminary analysis of a six-day period when the mooring was still demonstrates hundreds of meters slanted convection due to internal waves breaking from above. The associated turbulence dissipation rate with peak values hundred times above the background value is considered sufficient to maintain deep-trench life. Turbulence associates with one-ten thousandth of a degree temperature anomalies of about one hour duration.
