论文标题
无人机网络在未来野火检测中的作用
The Role of UAV-IoT Networks in Future Wildfire Detection
论文作者
论文摘要
由于全球野火的严重程度和频率增加,野火管理和检测的挑战最近引起了人们的关注。流行的火灾检测技术,例如卫星成像和基于远程摄像头的传感,较晚的检测和低可靠性会遭受较低的可靠性,而早期野火检测是防止大规模火灾的关键。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于无人驾驶汽车辅助物联网(UAV-iot)网络的新型野火检测解决方案。主要目的是(1)研究野火检测的UAV-IOT网络的性能和可靠性,(2)提供了一项指南,以优化无人机网络以提高预算下的火灾检测概率。我们专注于优化物联网设备的密度和覆盖森林区域的无人机数量,以便在有限的时间和预算之内最大化野火检测概率的下限。在火火点火后的任何时候,与火灾距离有限距离内的IoT设备可以检测到它。然后,仅当无人机在附近,这些物联网设备才能报告其测量值。离散时间马尔可夫链(DTMC)分析用于在离散时间计算火灾检测概率。在宣布火灾检测之前,验证状态旨在说明物联网设备的实际限制,例如未检测和虚假警报概率。数值结果表明,在系统预算足够的情况下,基于UAV-IT的火灾检测可以提供比最先进的卫星成像技术更快,更可靠的野火检测解决方案。
The challenge of wildfire management and detection is recently gaining increased attention due to the increased severity and frequency of wildfires worldwide. Popular fire detection techniques such as satellite imaging and remote camera-based sensing suffer from late detection and low reliability while early wildfire detection is a key to prevent massive fires. In this paper, we propose a novel wildfire detection solution based on unmanned aerial vehicles assisted Internet of things (UAV-IoT) networks. The main objective is to (1) study the performance and reliability of the UAV-IoT networks for wildfire detection and (2) present a guideline to optimize the UAV-IoT network to improve fire detection probability under limited budgets. We focus on optimizing the IoT devices' density and number of UAVs covering the forest area such that a lower bound of the wildfires detection probability is maximized within a limited time and budget. At any time after the fire ignition, the IoT devices within a limited distance from the fire can detect it. These IoT devices can then report their measurements only when the UAV is nearby. Discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) analysis is utilized to compute the fire detection probability at discrete time. Before declaring fire detection, a validation state is designed to account for IoT devices' practical limitations such as miss-detection and false alarm probabilities. Numerical results suggest that given enough system budget, the UAV-IoT based fire detection can offer a faster and more reliable wildfire detection solution than the state of the art satellite imaging techniques.