论文标题
模拟3D流体动力学模型的大肠菌包传输和衰减,并在尼斯区域进行原位观察
Simulating coliform transport and decay from 3D hydrodynamics model and in situ observation in Nice area
论文作者
论文摘要
在沿海地区,在极端的降雨事件或污水网络失败期间,原始废水可以直接在海中排出。尼斯的高度城市化和旅游区直接承受着这种风险。为了保护沐浴人群并应用欧洲法规(DCE,2000年),尼斯市政当局决定采用粪便细菌指标(例如Escherichia coli)的运输和命运的预测工具。本文讨论了该方法的第一步,该步骤包括开发三维流体动力模拟以及水质参数。所使用的模型基于雷诺平均的Navier-Stokes的方程,用于计算速度和水深(Telemac3d),而波能平衡方程式以说明波诱导的电流(tomawac)。对来自位于38m深度的污水管的真实废水污染进行了两次现场测量。第一次活动通过可变深度样本的方式验证了废水通过水柱的垂直扩散,并强调了污水细菌质量的小时变异性。由于缺乏有关这一点的数据,因此无法完全验证该模型。第二个运动旨在克服这个问题,并收集进行验证我们的水力生态模拟所需的所有数据。现场测量和模拟的比较已成功证明了模型的准确性。但是与实验室分析(MPN)相关的不确定性很高,这使得校准和验证过程成为复杂的任务。然而,需要进一步研究微生物质量的可变性,以开发一种操作工具,以允许细菌污染的预测。这项研究的下一步将是在干燥和降雨期间建立废水中微生物质量的小时变化。
In coastal area, raw wastewater can be directly discharged in the sea during extreme rain events or failure of the sewage network. The highly urbanized and touristic area of Nice is directly exposed to this risk. In order to protect the bathing population and to apply the European regulation (DCE, 2000), Nice municipality has decided to work on a forecasting tool of transport and fate of fecal bacterial indicators such as Escherichia Coli. This paper deals with the first step of this approach which consists in developing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation coupled with water quality parameters. The model used is based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes's equations for the calculation of the velocities and water depth (TELEMAC3D), and wave energy balance equation to account for the wave induced current (TOMAWAC). Two field measurements were conducted on a real wastewater pollution coming from a sewage pipe located at-38m depth. The first campaign has validated the vertical diffusion of the effluent through the water column by the means of variable depth samples and has stressed the hourly variability of sewage bacterial quality. Due to the lack of data regarding this last point, the model could not be fully validated. The second campaign has been designed to overcome this issue and to gather all the data needed to proceed to the validation of our hydro-ecological simulation. The comparison of the field measurements and the simulations has successfully demonstrated the accuracy of the model. But the uncertainty associated with the laboratory analysis (MPN) are high, making the calibration and validation processes a complex task. Nevertheless, further research needs to be done regarding the variability of microbial quality in order to develop an operational tool allowing the forecast of bacterial pollution. The next step of this study will be to establish the hourly variation of microbial quality in the wastewater during dry and raining periods.