论文标题
张力下聚合物链的疲劳和故障
Fatigue and failure of a polymer chain under tension
论文作者
论文摘要
在固定张力下保持在温度$ t $的聚合物链的破裂是对在恒定的外部应变和随机扰动下失败的各种系统的典型典型的。过去的研究集中于该链的平均崩溃率的分析和数值研究。令人惊讶的是，似乎缺乏崩溃率的概率分布函数（PDF）的分析计算。由于罕见的快速崩溃事件可能很重要甚至灾难性，因此我们在这里提出了这种分布的理论，其快速率的压力。我们表明，PDF的尾巴是具有理论上确定的{\ em Universal}指数的势力定律。广泛的数字验证了所提供的理论。绘制了与同一类型的其他问题有关的课程。
The rupture of a polymer chain maintained at temperature $T$ under fixed tension is prototypical to a wide array of systems failing under constant external strain and random perturbations. Past research focused on analytic and numerical studies of the mean rate of collapse of such a chain. Surprisingly, an analytic calculation of the probability distribution function (PDF) of collapse rates appears to be lacking. Since rare events of rapid collapse can be important and even catastrophic, we present here a theory of this distribution, with a stress on its tail of fast rates. We show that the tail of the PDF is a power law with a {\em universal} exponent that is theoretically determined. Extensive numerics validate the offered theory. Lessons pertaining to other problems of the same type are drawn.
