论文标题

HI-CI:高维度的深层因果推断

Hi-CI: Deep Causal Inference in High Dimensions

论文作者

Sharma, Ankit, Gupta, Garima, Prasad, Ranjitha, Chatterjee, Arnab, Vig, Lovekesh, Shroff, Gautam

论文摘要

我们在观察性研究中使用因果推理(CI)解决了反事实回归的问题,该研究由高维协变量和高基数处理组成。混淆偏见导致治疗效果不准确,归因于影响治疗和结果的协变量。高维共同变化的存在加剧了偏见的影响,因为很难隔离和测量这些混杂因素的影响。在存在高心动治疗变量的情况下,由于预测的反事实结果的数量增加,CI被拟合不足。我们提出了HI-CI,这是一个基于深神经网络(DNN)的框架,用于在存在大量协变量的情况下以及高心态和连续治疗变量的情况下估计因果关系。所提出的体系结构包括去相关网络和结果预测网络。与原始协变量相比,我们在去相关网络中学习了一个较低维度的数据表示形式,并解决了与之混淆的偏见。随后,在结果预测网络中,我们与数据表示共同学习了高心电图和连续处理的嵌入。我们证明了使用合成和现实世界新闻数据集对拟议的HI-CI网络进行因果效应预测的功效。

We address the problem of counterfactual regression using causal inference (CI) in observational studies consisting of high dimensional covariates and high cardinality treatments. Confounding bias, which leads to inaccurate treatment effect estimation, is attributed to covariates that affect both treatments and outcome. The presence of high-dimensional co-variates exacerbates the impact of bias as it is harder to isolate and measure the impact of these confounders. In the presence of high-cardinality treatment variables, CI is rendered ill-posed due to the increase in the number of counterfactual outcomes to be predicted. We propose Hi-CI, a deep neural network (DNN) based framework for estimating causal effects in the presence of large number of covariates, and high-cardinal and continuous treatment variables. The proposed architecture comprises of a decorrelation network and an outcome prediction network. In the decorrelation network, we learn a data representation in lower dimensions as compared to the original covariates and addresses confounding bias alongside. Subsequently, in the outcome prediction network, we learn an embedding of high-cardinality and continuous treatments, jointly with the data representation. We demonstrate the efficacy of causal effect prediction of the proposed Hi-CI network using synthetic and real-world NEWS datasets.

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