论文标题

Fisher-kpp方程的精确尖锐的行驶波解决方案

Exact sharp-fronted travelling wave solutions of the Fisher-KPP equation

论文作者

McCue, Scott W, El-Hachem, Maud, Simpson, Matthew J

论文摘要

具有速度$ C = \ pm 5/\ sqrt {6} $的Fisher-kpp方程的一系列流动波解决方案家族可以使用WeierStrass椭圆函数来表达。 $ c = 5/\ sqrt {6} $的众所周知的解决方案在远场上衰减为零,在某种意义上是可以简单地用指数函数编写的。该解决方案具有一个属性,即相平面轨迹是从鞍点开始并在原点结束的异斜轨道。对于$ c = -5/\ sqrt {6} $,也有一个轨迹从鞍点开始,但是通常将此解决方案忽略为无理的,因为它吹向有限的$ z $。我们将这种特殊的轨迹重新诠释为一种精确的尖锐的旅行解决方案,以\ textit {fisher-stefan}类型移动边界问题,在那里人口从中退出,而不是前进到一个空白处。通过以数值方式模拟完整的移动边界问题,我们演示了时间相关的解决方案如何在很长的时间内演变为精确的旅行解决方案。还讨论了这种退化的行进波与细胞迁移和细胞增殖的数学模型的相关性。

A family of travelling wave solutions to the Fisher-KPP equation with speeds $c=\pm 5/\sqrt{6}$ can be expressed exactly using Weierstrass elliptic functions. The well-known solution for $c=5/\sqrt{6}$, which decays to zero in the far-field, is exceptional in the sense that it can be written simply in terms of an exponential function. This solution has the property that the phase-plane trajectory is a heteroclinic orbit beginning at a saddle point and ends at the origin. For $c=-5/\sqrt{6}$, there is also a trajectory that begins at the saddle point, but this solution is normally disregarded as being unphysical as it blows up for finite $z$. We reinterpret this special trajectory as an exact sharp-fronted travelling solution to a \textit{Fisher-Stefan} type moving boundary problem, where the population is receding from, instead of advancing into, an empty space. By simulating the full moving boundary problem numerically, we demonstrate how time-dependent solutions evolve to this exact travelling solution for large time. The relevance of such receding travelling waves to mathematical models for cell migration and cell proliferation is also discussed.

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