论文标题
CMB-S4：对原始引力波的预测约束
CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves
论文作者
论文摘要
CMB-S4 ---下一代基于地面的宇宙微波背景（CMB）实验 - 设置为显着提高CMB测量值的敏感性，并增强我们对宇宙的起源和演变的理解，从时间到当今的结构生长到今天。在CMB-S4提起的科学案例中，寻求检测原始引力波是实验设计的核心驱动力。这项工作详细介绍了一个预测框架的开发，该框架包括一个基于电源的半分析投影工具，该工具的目标是在存在银河前景和CMB的重力镜头的情况下明确针对张张量与量表比的约束。该框架在直接使用当前2--3阶段CMB实验的性能的信息方面是独一无二的，以稳健地预测即将到来的CMB极化努力的科学范围。该方法允许在实验配置上快速迭代，并提供一种灵活的方法来优化未来实验的设计，鉴于所需的科学目标。为了形成闭环过程，我们将此半分析工具与基于地图的验证研究相结合，这可以通过几种独立的分析方法注入额外的复杂性和预测。我们使用此过程对CMB-S4进行了多轮预测，并确定了第4阶段实验的原始引力波的当前参考设计，以实现我们的科学目标，以实现我们的科学目标，即以$> 0.003美元的价格检测原始引力，以大于$5σ$的$5σ$，或$ 5的限制$ a <$ rance $ abter of $5σ$，<$ 5的$ a <$ a <$ a <$ a的$ a <$ a <$ a $ <$ at $ a $ $ <$ <$ <$ <$ a的$ $ <0. $ <<$ ressive $ a' Cl。
CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semi-analytic projection tool, targeted explicitly towards optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2--3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semi-analytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for $r > 0.003$ at greater than $5σ$, or, in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of $r < 0.001$ at $95\%$ CL.
