论文标题
开放电源：电离时代的定量形态及其与宇宙密度场的联系
Opening Reionization: Quantitative Morphology of the Epoch of Reionization and Its Connection to the Cosmic Density Field
论文作者
论文摘要
我们引入了二进制场的多功能和空间分辨的形态表征，植根于数学形态的开头变换。随后，我们将其应用于宇宙电离的模拟中的阈值电离场，并研究电离区域的形态。我们发现，一个离子化的音量元件通常位于Revius $ \ sim8 \，H^{ - 1} \ Mathrm {CMPC} $的电离区域中，在电离中点（$ z \ of7.5 $），并遵循泡泡大小分布甚至超过重叠阶段。我们发现，当宇宙的25％被离子化时，完全离子的组件集的渗透以及所得的无限簇掺入了$ \ sim8 \，h^{ - 1} \ mathrm {cmpc} $以上的所有电离区域。我们还量化了不同半径的电离区域的聚类相对于物质，并且在小尺度上检测到重叠相中超级泡的形成。在很大的范围内，我们量化了不同尺寸的电离和中性区域中心的偏差值，不仅表明，高点的高点上最大的区域可以达到$ b \ \ 30 $，而且早期的小离子化区域与物质和大型区域和小离子区域较小的$ bials to $ bials to $ biass相对于$ biass agisim agistim agisim agisim agisiim to $ biass to $ bials to $ bials to $ bials to $ bials to $ bials。
We introduce a versatile and spatially resolved morphological characterisation of binary fields, rooted in the opening transform of mathematical morphology. We subsequently apply it to the thresholded ionization field in simulations of cosmic reionization and study the morphology of ionized regions. We find that an ionized volume element typically resides in an ionized region with radius $\sim8\,h^{-1}\mathrm{cMpc}$ at the midpoint of reionization ($z\approx7.5$) and follow the bubble size distribution even beyond the overlap phase. We find that percolation of the fully ionized component sets in when 25% of the universe is ionized and that the resulting infinite cluster incorporates all ionized regions above $\sim8\,h^{-1}\mathrm{cMpc}$. We also quantify the clustering of ionized regions of varying radius with respect to matter and on small scales detect the formation of superbubbles in the overlap phase. On large scales we quantify the bias values of the centres of ionized and neutral regions of different sizes and not only show that the largest ones at the high-point of reionization can reach $b\approx 30$, but also that early small ionized regions are positively correlated with matter and large neutral regions and late small ionized regions are heavily anti-biased with respect to matter, down to $b\lesssim-20$.
