论文标题
太阳能轨道机科学活动计划：将太阳能和地层物理问题转化为行动
The Solar Orbiter Science Activity Plan: translating solar and heliospheric physics questions into action
论文作者
论文摘要
太阳能轨道器是第一个空间任务，可以观察原位和远距离的太阳等离子体，从近距离，进出黄道。最终目标是了解太阳如何产生和控制地球球，填充太阳系并驱动行星环境。凭借六个遥感和四个原位仪表套件，操作的协调和计划对于解决以下四个顶级科学问题至关重要：（1）什么驱动太阳风，冠状磁场源于何处？ （2）太阳瞬变如何驱动地球变异性？ （3）太阳喷发如何产生填充地球球的能量颗粒辐射？ （4）太阳能发电机如何工作并驱动太阳与地球球之间的连接？最大化任务的科学回报需要考虑每个轨道的特征，包括航天器与地球的相对位置（影响下行链路速率），轨迹事件（例如重力辅助操纵）和太阳能活动周期的阶段。此外，由于每个轨道的科学遥测将在以下轨道的过程中下载，因此必须在任务级别上计划科学操作，而不是在单个轨道的水平上进行。重要的是要探索将这些科学问题转化为适合任务的实际观察计划的方式，从而确保不会错过任何机会。首先，总体目标被分解为特定的，可回答的问题以及所需的观察结果，并制定了所谓的科学活动计划（SAP）来实现这一目标。 SAP小组的目标需要类似的观察到太阳能轨道观察计划（SOOP），从而使战略性的，顶级的观点对传教士寿命期间的科学观察的最佳机会产生了最高的看法。
Solar Orbiter is the first space mission observing the solar plasma both in situ and remotely, from a close distance, in and out of the ecliptic. The ultimate goal is to understand how the Sun produces and controls the heliosphere, filling the Solar System and driving the planetary environments. With six remote-sensing and four in-situ instrument suites, the coordination and planning of the operations are essential to address the following four top-level science questions: (1) What drives the solar wind and where does the coronal magnetic field originate? (2) How do solar transients drive heliospheric variability? (3) How do solar eruptions produce energetic particle radiation that fills the heliosphere? (4) How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections between the Sun and the heliosphere? Maximising the mission's science return requires considering the characteristics of each orbit, including the relative position of the spacecraft to Earth (affecting downlink rates), trajectory events (such as gravitational assist manoeuvres), and the phase of the solar activity cycle. Furthermore, since each orbit's science telemetry will be downloaded over the course of the following orbit, science operations must be planned at mission level, rather than at the level of individual orbits. It is important to explore the way in which those science questions are translated into an actual plan of observations that fits into the mission, thus ensuring that no opportunities are missed. First, the overarching goals are broken down into specific, answerable questions along with the required observations and the so-called Science Activity Plan (SAP) is developed to achieve this. The SAP groups objectives that require similar observations into Solar Orbiter Observing Plans (SOOPs), resulting in a strategic, top-level view of the optimal opportunities for science observations during the mission lifetime.
