论文标题

在小麦哲伦云中搜索原位田野OB星形恒星形成

A Search for In-Situ Field OB Star Formation in the Small Magellanic Cloud

论文作者

Vargas-Salazar, Irene, Oey, M. S., Barnes, Jesse R., Chen, Xinyi, Castro, N., Kratter, Kaitlin M., Faerber, Timothy A.

论文摘要

是否孤立地形成任何OB恒星是巨大恒星形成理论的核心问题。为了解决这个问题,我们使用朋友(FOF)(FOF)和最近的邻居(NN)算法搜索了SMC(RIOTS4)的逃亡者和SMC(RIOTS4)的孤立的O-Type明星光谱调查。我们还堆叠了目标场,以评估骨料密度增强的存在。使用几个统计测试,我们将这些观察结果与三个随机场数据集进行了比较,并且还将已知的逃亡者与非季节进行了比较。我们发现,非统计的本地环境比逃亡者表现出更高的骨料中心密度,这意味着存在一些“ tip tip-cietberg”(TIB)簇。我们发现这些微小簇的频率很低,$ \ sim 4-5 \%$ $ $ $ $ $。这一部分比以前的估计值低得多,但与现场OB恒星几乎完全是失控和行家恒星一致的。缺乏TIB簇意味着此类物体要么在短时标准上蒸发,要么不形成,这意味着较高的集群下质量限制,并且与最大恒星质量($ M _ {\ rm max} $)与群集($ M _ {$ m _ {\ rm cl} $)之间的关系一致。另一方面,我们也不能排除某些OB恒星可能在高度孤立的条件下形成。我们的结果对在相对隔离中形成大量恒星的形成有很大的限制。

Whether any OB stars form in isolation is a question central to theories of massive star formation. To address this, we search for tiny, sparse clusters around 210 field OB stars from the Runaways and Isolated O-Type Star Spectroscopic Survey of the SMC (RIOTS4), using friends-of-friends (FOF) and nearest neighbors (NN) algorithms. We also stack the target fields to evaluate the presence of an aggregate density enhancement. Using several statistical tests, we compare these observations with three random-field datasets, and we also compare the known runaways to non-runaways. We find that the local environments of non-runaways show higher aggregate central densities than for runaways, implying the presence of some "tips-of-iceberg" (TIB) clusters. We find that the frequency of these tiny clusters is low, $\sim 4-5\%$ of our sample. This fraction is much lower than some previous estimates, but is consistent with field OB stars being almost entirely runaway and walkaway stars. The lack of TIB clusters implies that such objects either evaporate on short timescales, or do not form, implying a higher cluster lower-mass limit and consistent with a relationship between maximum stellar mass ($m_{\rm max}$) and the mass of the cluster ($M_{\rm cl}$). On the other hand, we also cannot rule out that some OB stars may form in highly isolated conditions. Our results set strong constraints on the formation of massive stars in relative isolation.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源