论文标题
太阳潜水员：将太阳能航行与Oberth效果相结合
The Sun Diver: Combining solar sails with the Oberth effect
论文作者
论文摘要
高度反射式帆提供了一种使用太阳辐射压力将航天器从太阳系中推出的方法。航天器越接近太阳，当它开始其外部旅程时，辐射压力就越大，因此最终速度越大。对于从地球轨道开始的航天器，可以通过火箭发动机的逆行冲动来实现更近的接近。然后将帆部署到最接近太阳的方法中。采用所谓的Oberth效应，以最接近的方法采用了第二种，脉冲的冲动将进一步提高最终速度。在这里，我研究了如何最好地在此过程中分布固定的总脉冲（ΔV），以最大化无穷大的帆速度。一旦ΔV超过取决于帆的轻度数（量度强加加速的量度）的阈值，最好的策略就是在逆行脉冲中使用所有ΔV，以尽可能靠近太阳。在阈值以下的最佳策略是在进步脉冲中使用所有ΔV，因此根本不潜水。尽管通过多阶段的冲动转移可以实现较大的速度，但这项研究表明，将冲动与太阳帆相结合的有趣，也许是反直觉的后果。
A highly reflective sail provides a way to propel a spacecraft out of the solar system using solar radiation pressure. The closer the spacecraft is to the Sun when it starts its outward journey, the larger the radiation pressure and so the larger the final velocity. For a spacecraft starting on the Earth's orbit, closer proximity can be achieved via a retrograde impulse from a rocket engine. The sail is then deployed at the closest approach to the Sun. Employing the so-called Oberth effect, a second, prograde, impulse at closest approach will raise the final velocity further. Here I investigate how a fixed total impulse (Δv) can best be distributed in this procedure to maximize the sail's velocity at infinity. Once Δv exceeds a threshold that depends on the lightness number of the sail (a measure of its sun-induced acceleration), the best strategy is to use all of the Δv in the retrograde impulse to dive as close as possible to the Sun. Below the threshold the best strategy is to use all of the Δv in the prograde impulse and thus not to dive at all. Although larger velocities can be achieved with multi-stage impulsive transfers, this study shows some interesting and perhaps counter-intuitive consequences of combining impulses with solar sails.
