论文标题
密度矩阵基于属性的互补关系的实验测试
Experimental tests of density matrix's properties-based complementarity relations
论文作者
论文摘要
Bohr的互补原理对量子力学（QM）具有基本的历史和概念意义，并指出，借助给定的实验设备构型，人们可以观察到量子系统的波浪状或类似粒子的特征，但不能同时观察。但是，最终意识到这些双重行为既可以部分地表现在相同的实验设置中，并且，使用针对量子的波和粒子方面的临时措施，提出了互补关系，以限制这些表现的强大程度。最近，开发了形式主义，并从量子系统的特定性和波浪中的特定性和波浪进行量词源自密度矩阵的基本属性中所需的QM的数学结构（$ρ\ ge 0 $，$ \ mathrm {tr}ρ= 1 $）。在本文中，使用IBM量子体验量子计算机，我们对这些互补关系进行了实验测试，应用于特定类别的一分量子状态，也适用于一个，两个和三个量子位的随机量子状态。
Bohr's complementarity principle is of fundamental historic and conceptual importance for Quantum Mechanics (QM), and states that, with a given experimental apparatus configuration, one can observe either the wave-like or the particle-like character of a quantum system, but not both. However, it was eventually realized that these dual behaviors can both manifest partially in the same experimental setup, and, using ad hoc proposed measures for the wave and particle aspects of the quanton, complementarity relations were proposed limiting how strong these manifestations can be. Recently, a formalism was developed and quantifiers for the particleness and waveness of a quantum system were derived from the mathematical structure of QM entailed in the density matrix's basic properties ($ρ\ge 0$, $\mathrm{Tr}ρ=1$). In this article, using IBM Quantum Experience quantum computers, we perform experimental tests of these complementarity relations applied to a particular class of one-qubit quantum states and also for random quantum states of one, two, and three qubits.
