论文标题

具有局部粒子数量保护的量子算法:噪声效应和误差校正

Quantum algorithms with local particle number conservation: noise effects and error correction

论文作者

Streif, Michael, Leib, Martin, Wudarski, Filip, Rieffel, Eleanor, Wang, Zhihui

论文摘要

具有局部粒子数保护(LPNC)的量子电路将量子计算限制为量子寄存器希尔伯特空间的子空间。在无嘈杂或容忍断层的量子计算中,保留了这种数量。然而,在存在噪声的情况下,进化的对称性可能会被损坏,并且在计算结束时可以采样非valid状态。另一方面,在理想情况下,对子空间的限制表明,对于保留一般电路不可能的保留对称性的电路的资源有效误差技术的可能性。在这里,我们分析了在噪声下留在这种对称保存的子空间中的可能性,为局部去极化噪声提供了确切的公式。我们将发现应用于基准测试,在去极化噪声下,XY-QAOA的对称鲁棒性(具有局部粒子数保存对称性),并且是量子交替运算符ANSATZ的特殊情况。我们还分析了编码问题对算法对称性鲁棒性的选择的影响,并讨论了对位Flip代码的简单适应,以纠正使用资源减少的对称性错误。

Quantum circuits with local particle number conservation (LPNC) restrict the quantum computation to a subspace of the Hilbert space of the qubit register. In a noiseless or fault-tolerant quantum computation, such quantities are preserved. In the presence of noise, however, the evolution's symmetry could be broken and non-valid states could be sampled at the end of the computation. On the other hand, the restriction to a subspace in the ideal case suggest the possibility of more resource efficient error mitigation techniques for circuits preserving symmetries that are not possible for general circuits. Here, we analyze the probability of staying in such symmetry-preserved subspaces under noise, providing an exact formula for local depolarizing noise. We apply our findings to benchmark, under depolarizing noise, the symmetry robustness of XY-QAOA, which has local particle number conserving symmetries, and is a special case of the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz. We also analyze the influence of the choice of encoding the problem on the symmetry robustness of the algorithm and discuss a simple adaption of the bit flip code to correct for symmetry-breaking errors with reduced resources.

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