论文标题

如何最佳销售信息:算法研究

How to Sell Information Optimally: an Algorithmic Study

论文作者

Cai, Yang, Velegkas, Grigoris

论文摘要

我们调查将信息出售给在不确定性下面临决策问题的代理商的算法问题。我们采用了Bergemann等人最近提出的模型。 [BBS18],其中通过称为实验的信号方案揭示了信息。在单一代理设置中,任何机制都可以表示为实验菜单。我们的结果表明,设计收入最佳菜单的计算复杂性在很大程度上取决于指定模型的方式。当明确给出问题的所有参数时,我们提供了计算收入最佳菜单的多项式时间算法。对于具有简洁隐式描述指定模型的情况,我们表明该问题的障碍性与有效实现最佳响应Oracle密切相关:当它可以有效地实现时,我们提供了一个添加剂FPTA,其运行时间独立于操作数量。另一方面,我们提供了一系列问题,在该家族中,构建最佳响应甲骨文在计算上是棘手的,并且我们表明,即使获得最佳收入的持续部分也是NP的不断变化。此外,我们研究了Bergemann等人对原始模型的概括。 [BBS18]允许多个代理争夺有用的信息。我们利用在拍卖设计研究中开发的技术(例如,参见[CDW12A],[AFHHM12],[CDW12B],[CDW13A],[CDW13B])来设计一种多项式时间算法,以计算用于销售信息的Refture-Time算法。

We investigate the algorithmic problem of selling information to agents who face a decision-making problem under uncertainty. We adopt the model recently proposed by Bergemann et al. [BBS18], in which information is revealed through signaling schemes called experiments. In the single-agent setting, any mechanism can be represented as a menu of experiments. Our results show that the computational complexity of designing the revenue-optimal menu depends heavily on the way the model is specified. When all the parameters of the problem are given explicitly, we provide a polynomial time algorithm that computes the revenue-optimal menu. For cases where the model is specified with a succinct implicit description, we show that the tractability of the problem is tightly related to the efficient implementation of a Best Response Oracle: when it can be implemented efficiently, we provide an additive FPTAS whose running time is independent of the number of actions. On the other hand, we provide a family of problems, where it is computationally intractable to construct a best response oracle, and we show that it is NP-hard to get even a constant fraction of the optimal revenue. Moreover, we investigate a generalization of the original model by Bergemann et al. [BBS18] that allows multiple agents to compete for useful information. We leverage techniques developed in the study of auction design (see e.g. [CDW12a], [AFHHM12], [CDW12b], [CDW13a], [CDW13b]) to design a polynomial time algorithm that computes the revenue-optimal mechanism for selling information.

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