论文标题

量子无钥匙隐私与空间链接的量子密钥分布

Quantum Keyless Privacy vs. Quantum Key Distribution for Space Links

论文作者

Vazquez-Castro, A., Rusca, D., Zbinden, H.

论文摘要

我们研究卫星和地面站之间空间链接的信息理论安全。量子密钥分布(QKD)是一种完善的信息理论安全通信的方法,使窃听的无限访问仅受量子物理定律限制,对渠道和技术资源的无限访问。但是空间链接的QKD极具挑战性,所达到的关键率极低,而日间工作不可能。但是,鉴于轨道力学施加的限制,在自由空间的通道上窃听似乎很复杂。如果我们还排除了窃听者在发射极和接收器周围给定区域中的存在,我们可以保证他只能访问光学信号的一小部分。在这种情况下,基于窃听通道模型的量子无钥匙私有(直接)通信是提供信息理论安全性的有效替代方案。与QKD一样,我们假设合法用户受到最先进的技术的限制,而潜在的窃听器仅受物理定律的限制:物理测量(Helstrom检测器)和量子电动力学(Holevo Bound)。然而,我们使用连贯的状态的开关键合,在经典的Quantum窃听通道上展示了信息理论的安全通信率(积极的无钥匙私人容量)。我们为相当于Micius卫星的最新实验的设置提供了数值结果,并将其与QKD的秘密关键率的基本限制进行了比较。与QKD相比,我们获得的速率要高得多,而低地球轨道(LEO)卫星的排除面积小于13米。此外,我们表明窃听通道量子无钥匙的隐私对噪声和信号动态的敏感程度要少得多,而白天的操作则是可能的。

We study information theoretical security for space links between a satellite and a ground-station. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a well established method for information theoretical secure communication, giving the eavesdropper unlimited access to the channel and technological resources only limited by the laws of quantum physics. But QKD for space links is extremely challenging, the achieved key rates are extremely low, and day-time operating impossible. However, eavesdropping on a channel in free-space without being noticed seems complicated, given the constraints imposed by orbital mechanics. If we also exclude eavesdropper's presence in a given area around the emitter and receiver, we can guarantee that he has only access to a fraction of the optical signal. In this setting, quantum keyless private (direct) communication based on the wiretap channel model is a valid alternative to provide information theoretical security. Like for QKD, we assume the legitimate users to be limited by state-of-the-art technology, while the potential eavesdropper is only limited by physical laws: physical measurement (Helstrom detector) and quantum electrodynamics (Holevo bound). Nevertheless, we demonstrate information theoretical secure communication rates (positive keyless private capacity) over a classical-quantum wiretap channel using on-off-keying of coherent states. We present numerical results for a setting equivalent to the recent experiments with the Micius satellite and compare them to the fundamental limit for the secret key rate of QKD. We obtain much higher rates compared with QKD with exclusion area of less than 13 meters for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. Moreover, we show that the wiretap channel quantum keyless privacy is much less sensitive to noise and signal dynamics and daytime operation is possible.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源