论文标题
印刷中的文献计量学。意大利每日报纸中文献计量指标的表示和用途
Bibliometrics in Press. Representations and Uses of Bibliometric Indicators in the Italian Daily Newspapers
论文作者
论文摘要
科学和技术研究学者和书目学家越来越多地揭示了参考文献指标的表现性质。诸如影响因素和H指数之类的指标并不是中立的技术措施，这深刻地改变了当代科学的社会和认知结构。同时，学者们强调了书记计量指标是如何赋予其纯粹技术定义的社会含义的。这些文献计量指标的这些社会表现是在几个领域内的不同参与者组之间构建和协商的。这项研究旨在调查如何在上下文中使用文献计量指标，到目前为止，研究人员尚未涵盖每日报纸。通过对1990年至2020年之间四个主要意大利报纸中出现的583篇文章的语料库的内容分析，我们记录了意大利媒体中书目和书目指标的主要功能。我们的材料表明，在报纸上开发的公共话语为以书目计量学的科学政策创造了一个有利的环境，即书目计量指标有助于媒体上科学事实的社会建构，尤其是在与医学有关的科学新闻中，并且在与医学有关的科学新闻中，专业的专业专家努力努力代表了新闻社和新闻社上的公众。
Scholars in science and technology studies and bibliometricians are increasingly revealing the performative nature of bibliometric indicators. Far from being neutral technical measures, indicators such as the Impact Factor and the h-index are deeply transforming the social and epistemic structures of contemporary science. At the same time, scholars have highlighted how bibliometric indicators are endowed with social meanings that go beyond their purely technical definitions. These social representations of bibliometric indicators are constructed and negotiated between different groups of actors within several arenas. This study aims to investigate how bibliometric indicators are used in a context, which, so far, has not yet been covered by researchers, that of daily newspapers. By a content analysis of a corpus of 583 articles that appeared in four major Italian newspapers between 1990 and 2020, we chronicle the main functions that bibliometrics and bibliometric indicators played in the Italian press. Our material shows, among other things, that the public discourse developed in newspapers creates a favorable environment for bibliometrics-centered science policies, that bibliometric indicators contribute to the social construction of scientific facts in the press, especially in science news related to medicine, and that professional bibliometric expertise struggles to be represented in newspapers and hence reach the general public.
