论文标题

拓扑结构产生的拓扑近场

Topological near fields generated by topological structures

论文作者

Peng, Jie, Zhang, Ruo-Yang, Jia, Shiqi, Liu, Wei, Wang, Shubo

论文摘要

超材料和元词的核心思想是,除了基础材料之外,结构的几何形状为外来功能提供了广泛的额外尺寸。在这里,我们发现结构的拓扑从根本上决定了光学近场的拓扑特性,并提供了一个新的维度来利用与特定材料成分或结构几何形成不相关的光学功能。我们发现,金属结构的非平凡拓扑确保了近场中极化奇异性(PS)的诞生,并具有丰富的形态和有趣的空间发展,包括合并,分叉和拓扑转变。通过将PSS映射到非弱点的特殊点并采用同义理论,我们提取了控制PSS拓扑分类的核心不变性以及调节其空间发展的保护法。该结果有效地桥接了三个鲜明的光学元件,拓扑光子学和非炎性物理学的鲜明的领域,并在手性传感,手性量子光学元中以及其他波动系统中具有潜在的应用。

The central idea of metamaterials and metaoptics is that, besides their base materials, the geometry of structures offers a broad extra dimension to explore for exotic functionalities. Here, we discover that the topology of structures fundamentally dictates the topological properties of optical near fields and offers a new dimension to exploit for optical functionalities that are irrelevant to specific material constituents or structural geometries. We find that the nontrivial topology of metal structures ensures the birth of polarization singularities (PSs) in the near field with rich morphologies and intriguing spatial evolutions including merging, bifurcation, and topological transition. By mapping the PSs to non-Hermitian exceptional points and employing homotopy theory, we extract the core invariant that governs the topological classification of the PSs and the conservation law that regulates their spatial evolutions. The results have effectively bridged three vibrant fields of singular optics, topological photonics, and non-Hermitian physics, with potential applications in chiral sensing, chiral quantum optics, and beyond photonics in other wave systems.

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