论文标题
使用21厘米地图的最大群集统计来区分电离模型
Distinguishing reionization models using the largest cluster statistics of the 21-cm maps
论文作者
论文摘要
在电离时代(EOR)的不同阶段,离子化或中性氢的拓扑和形态的演变具有潜力,可以为我们提供有关在这个时代电离源的性质的大量信息。我们根据电离区域的几何特性比较了各种电源源模型。我们表明,通过追踪最大群集统计(LCS)的演变来研究的电离氢中的渗滤过渡是一种可靠的统计量,可以区分根本不同的情况 - 内部和外部的恢复。特别是,与外部电离相比,内外场景的渗滤时的全球中性分数明显更高。在与渗透分析的互补性中,我们探索了电离区域的形状和形态,因为它们在不同的电离模型中演变为ShapeFinders(SFS),而ShapeFinders(SFS)是Minkowski功能(MFS)的比率。形状分布可以轻松地辨别出IgM中极端不均匀重组的回离场景,例如块状模型。在其余的电离模型中,最大的电离区域仅在渗透期间突然增长其第三sf - “长度” - 而前两个sfs-“厚度”和“宽度”保持稳定。因此,在这些情况下,离子化的氢在渗透近乎渗透中变为高丝状,并表现出在源模型之间变化的“特征横截面”。因此,基于SFS的几何研究以及渗透分析可以阐明电离源。
The evolution of topology and morphology of ionized or neutral hydrogen during different stages of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) have the potential to provide us a great amount of information about the properties of the ionizing sources during this era. We compare a variety of reionization source models in terms of the geometrical properties of the ionized regions. We show that the percolation transition in the ionized hydrogen, as studied by tracing the evolution of the Largest Cluster Statistics (LCS), is a robust statistic that can distinguish the fundamentally different scenarios -- inside-out and outside-in reionization. Particularly, the global neutral fraction at the onset of percolation is significantly higher for the inside-out scenario as compared to that for the outside-in reionization. In complementary to percolation analysis, we explore the shape and morphology of the ionized regions as they evolve in different reionization models in terms of the Shapefinders (SFs) that are ratios of the Minkowski functionals (MFs). The shape distribution can readily discern the reionization scenario with extreme non-uniform recombination in the IGM, such as the clumping model. In the rest of the reionization models, the largest ionized region abruptly grows only in terms of its third SF - 'length' - during percolation while the first two SFs - 'thickness' and 'breadth' - remain stable. Thus the ionized hydrogen in these scenarios becomes highly filamentary near percolation and exhibit a 'characteristic cross-section' that varies among the source models. Therefore, the geometrical studies based on SFs, together with the percolation analysis can shed light on the reionization sources.