论文标题
状态的中子星方程的重力波和X射线探针
Gravitational-Wave and X-ray Probes of the Neutron Star Equation of State
论文作者
论文摘要
中子恒星是爱因斯坦与核物理学的一般相对论理论的杰出婚姻。他们的室内藏有极端物质，无法在实验室中进行探测。在如此高的密度和压力下，它们的岩心可能主要由异国情调的物质组成，例如自由夸克或超子。来自激光干涉仪重力波观测站（LIGO）和其他干涉仪的引力波观测，以及来自中子星内部组成探索器（较好）的X射线观测，开始穿过面纱。这些观察结果提供了有关中子恒星核的信息，因此提供了使这些物体成为可能的物理学的信息。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了我们从重力波和X射线观测值中学到的中子恒星物理学的知识。我们专注于确定观察到的内容，以及在不久的将来应该可以观察到的内容，以期了解这些新观察将教会我们的物理学。
Neutron stars are a remarkable marriage of Einstein's theory of general relativity with nuclear physics. Their interiors harbor extreme matter that cannot be probed in the laboratory. At such high densities and pressures, their cores may consist predominantly of exotic matter such as free quarks or hyperons. Gravitational wave observations from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) and from other interferometers, and X-ray observations from the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), are beginning to pierce through the veil. These observations provide information about neutron star cores, and therefore, about the physics that makes such objects possible. In this review, we discuss what we have learned about the physics of neutron stars from gravitational wave and X-ray observations. We focus on what has been observed with certainty and what should be observable in the near future, with an eye out for the physics that these new observations will teach us.
