论文标题

玻色束不会被无法区分的颗粒最大化

Boson bunching is not maximized by indistinguishable particles

论文作者

Seron, Benoît, Novo, Leonardo, Cerf, Nicolas J.

论文摘要

玻色束是量子物理学最引人注目的特征之一。光学方面的一个著名示例是Hong-ou-mandel效应,其中两个光子的束来自轨迹之间的破坏性量子干扰,它们既可以越过梁分离器或反射。这种效果扎根于相同光子的不可区分性。因此,通常被承认 - 并经过实验验证 - 一旦可以区分光子,例如,当它们占据不同的时间箱或具有不同的极化时,就会消失。在这里,我们通过利用矩阵永久理论中的最新发现,在没有可区分性与束缚之间的这种直接联系。我们展示了一系列光电,其中通过适当的极化模式使它们可以部分区分的光子束分为两种模式可以显着提高。在7光子的干涉过程中,这种增强作用已经可以看到,这使得在当前光子技术的范围内观察了这种现象。这种出乎意料的行为质疑我们对无法区分的玻色子和经典颗粒之间的多粒子干扰的理解。

Boson bunching is amongst the most remarkable features of quantum physics. A celebrated example in optics is the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, where the bunching of two photons arises from a destructive quantum interference between the trajectories where they both either cross a beam splitter or are reflected. This effect takes its roots in the indistinguishability of identical photons. Hence, it is generally admitted -- and experimentally verified -- that bunching vanishes as soon as photons can be distinguished, e.g., when they occupy distinct time bins or have different polarizations. Here we disproof this alleged straightforward link between indistinguishability and bunching by exploiting a recent finding in the theory of matrix permanents. We exhibit a family of optical circuits where the bunching of photons into two modes can be significantly boosted by making them partially distinguishable via an appropriate polarization pattern. This boosting effect is already visible in a 7-photon interferometric process, making the observation of this phenomenon within reach of current photonic technology. This unexpected behavior questions our understanding of multiparticle interference in the grey zone between indistinguishable bosons and classical particles.

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