论文标题
冠状旋转的太阳能周期研究:较大的变化,快速变化和对太阳风模型的影响
A solar-cycle study of coronal rotation: large variations, rapid changes, and implications for solar wind models
论文作者
论文摘要
有关电晕旋转速率及其在纬度和太阳周期上的变化的信息对于建立电晕和太阳之间的全球连接,对于重新连接速率的全球估计以及作为太阳风模型的基本参数而言是有价值的。在这里,我们使用了从2007年至2020年之间从冠状动脉观测中获得的时间序列的时间序列,以直接测量高密度彩带的纵向漂移。该方法揭示了旋转率的突然变化,揭示了冠状旋转与基础光球之间的复杂关系。相对于标准卡灵顿的14.18 $^\ CIRC $/天,大多数费率在-1.0至+0.5 $^\ Circ $/天之间,尽管价格低至-2.2 $^\ Circ $/Day,且高达1.6 $^\ circ/day。 2008年太阳能最低期间的赤道旋转速率比Carrington速率稍快,并且在2009年突然转移到缓慢的旋转,然后在2017年恢复速度更快。在所有纬度上都可以看到突然的变化和较大的速率变化。与磁模型的比较表明,赤道快速旋转的周期与赤道流媒体的大部分磁脚点在赤道附近时的时代有关,我们解释了流媒体光谱脚点的纬度分布的突然变化。冠状旋转速率是太阳风模型的关键参数,每天或更高程度的变化可能会导致预测期间的大系统误差比几天更长。本文描述的方法给出了校正值,可以构成未来预测工作的一部分。
Information on the rotation rate of the corona, and its variation over latitude and solar cycle, is valuable for making global connections between the corona and the Sun, for global estimates of reconnection rates, and as a basic parameter for solar wind modelling. Here, we use a time series of tomographical maps gained from coronagraph observations between 2007 - 2020 to directly measure the longitudinal drift of high-density streamers over time. The method reveals abrupt changes in rotation rates, revealing a complex relationship between the coronal rotation and the underlying photosphere. The majority of rates are between -1.0 to +0.5$^\circ$/day relative to the standard Carrington rate of 14.18$^\circ$/day, although rates are measured as low as -2.2$^\circ$/day and as high as 1.6$^\circ$/day. Equatorial rotation rates during the 2008 solar minimum are slightly faster than the Carrington rate, with an abrupt switch to slow rotation in 2009, then a return to faster rates in 2017. Abrupt changes and large variations in rates are seen at all latitudes. Comparison with a magnetic model suggests that periods of equatorial fast rotation are associated with times when a large proportion of the magnetic footpoints of equatorial streamers are near the equator, and we interpret the abrupt changes in terms of the latitudinal distribution of the streamer photospheric footpoints. The coronal rotation rate is a key parameter for solar wind models, and variations of up to a degree per day or more can lead to large systematic errors over forecasting periods of longer than a few days. The approach described in this paper gives corrected values that can form a part of future forecasting efforts.