论文标题

Mach-Zehnder干涉仪中的任何人干扰和编织阶段

Anyonic interference and braiding phase in a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

论文作者

Kundu, Hemanta Kumar, Biswas, Sourav, Ofek, Nissim, Umansky, Vladimir, Heiblum, Moty

论文摘要

长期以来,量子大厅状态一直被预测为分数(任何碳)交换统计的测试场。这些拓扑状态藏有准粒子,其阿贝利亚人和非阿贝尔角色的分数指控。准颗粒的电荷通常由射击噪声测量值(1,2)确定,并且可以通过适当干扰准粒子来揭示状态的统计数据。虽然多路径Fabry-Perrot电子干涉仪(FPI)易于制造,但通常会因库仑相互作用而困扰(3),但其面积与磁场呼吸(4),并且其大量电荷往往会波动(5)。最近采用足够筛选的FPI实验可以观察到散装$ν$ = 1/3(6)的Aharonov-Bohm(AB)干扰。在当前的工作中,我们选择采用无互动的两路,马赫 - 齐汉德干涉仪(MZI),调整为散装$ν$ = 2/5。干预外部$ν$ = 1/3模式(内部$ν$ = 1/15模式筛选大块),我们观察到了“打扮的ab”周期性,并具有三个flux-quanta(3 $ ϕ_0 $)的“裸露的ab'通量周期性”和“编织阶段” 2 $π$/3。这种独特的干扰是由单个磁通量的AB周期性产生的。此外,干扰的可见性,$ v_ {e/3} $,与电子一个$ \ it {v} _ {e} $的可见性显着偏离,同意理论上的可见性,$ \ it {v} _ {e/3} _ {e/3}}使用MZI的两个非等效排水管,分数可见性从MZI的无处不在的透射率达到峰值。我们提供了支持我们结果的简单理论论点。事实证明,MZI是一种强大的工具,可用于进一步探测更复杂的Noinonic准颗粒的统计数据。

The fractional quantum Hall states have long been predicted to be a testing ground of fractional (anyonic) exchange statistics. These topological states harbor quasiparticles with fractional charges of both abelian and non-abelian characters. The quasiparticles' charge is commonly determined by shot noise measurements (1, 2), and states' statistics can be revealed by appropriately interfering the quasiparticles. While the multipath Fabry-Perot electronic interferometer (FPI) is easier to fabricate, it is often plagued by Coulomb interactions (3), its area breathes with the magnetic field (4), and its bulk's charges tend to fluctuate (5). Recent FPI experiments employing adequate screening allowed an observation of Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interference at bulk filling $ν$=1/3 (6). In the current work, we chose to employ an interaction-free, two-path, Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), tuned to bulk filling $ν$=2/5. Interfering the outer $ν$=1/3 mode (with the inner $ν$=1/15 mode screening out the bulk), we observed a 'dressed AB' periodicity, with a combined 'bare AB' flux periodicity of three flux-quanta (3$ϕ_0$) and the 'braiding phase' 2$π$/3. This unique interference resulted with an AB periodicity of a single flux-quantum. Moreover, the visibility of the interference, $v_{e/3}$, deviated markedly from that of the electronic one $\it{v}_{e}$, agreeing with the theoretically expected visibility, $\it{v}_{e/3} \sim {\it{v}_e}^3$. With the two non-equivalent drains of the MZI, the fractional visibility peaked away from the ubiquitous transmission-half of the MZI. We provide simple theoretical arguments that support our results. The MZI proves to be a powerful tool that can be used to probe further the statistics of more complex anyonic quasiparticles.

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