论文标题
化学活性液滴的自我促进
Self-propulsion of chemically-active droplets
论文作者
论文摘要
微观活性液滴能够在粘性流中自主游泳：这种令人困惑的特征源于通过表面反应或其自发溶解度与周围流体的溶质交换，以及由这些型物梯度引起的界面流。与不对称的活性胶体相反，这些各向同性液滴通过使用自生成的Marangoni流的非线性耦合来自发地游泳，这也负责向更复杂的个体和集体动力学进行二次过渡。由于它们的简单设计以及对物理化学信号的敏感性，它们引人入胜的物理学家，化学家，生物学家和流体动力学家都可以分析活性物质系统中的粘性自我刺激和集体动力学，以开发合成细胞模型或执行靶向生物医学或工程或进行靶向的生物医学或工程应用程序。我在这里回顾了这个快速增长的领域的最新和重大发展，重点是这些杂物液滴的数学和物理建模以及其实验设计和表征。
Microscopic active droplets are able to swim autonomously in viscous flows: this puzzling feature stems from solute exchanges with the surrounding fluid via surface reactions or their spontaneous solubilisation, and the interfacial flows resulting from these solutes' gradients. Contrary to asymmetric active colloids, these isotropic droplets swim spontaneously by exploiting the nonlinear coupling of solute transport with self-generated Marangoni flows, which is also responsible for secondary transitions to more complex individual and collective dynamics. Thanks to their simple design and their sensitivity to physico-chemical signals, they are fascinating physicists, chemists, biologists and fluid dynamicists alike to analyse viscous self-propulsion and collective dynamics in active matter systems, to develop synthetic cellular models or to perform targeted biomedical or engineering applications. I review here the most recent and significant developments of this rapidly-growing field, focusing on the mathematical and physical modelling of these intringuing droplets, together with its experimental design and characterisation.
