论文标题
具有超高精确度的光学生成的聚焦超声，用于无创脑刺激
Optically-generated focused ultrasound for noninvasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision
论文作者
论文摘要
高精度神经调节是破译神经循环和治疗神经系统疾病的强大工具。当前的非侵入性神经调节方法在毫米水平上提供了有限的精度。在这里，我们报告了具有超高精度的非侵入性脑刺激的光学生成的焦点超声（OFUS）。 OFU是由通过在弯曲的聚二甲基氧烷膜中嵌入蜡烛烟灰纳米颗粒制造的软光声垫（SOAP）生成的。 SOAP以15 MHz的形式产生经颅超声焦点，超高侧分辨率为83 um，这比传统以经颅的超声（TFU）小两个数量级。在这里，我们在单个超声周期中显示了体外的有效ofus神经刺激。我们证明了体内小鼠运动皮层的亚毫升颅刺激。 0.6 MJ/cm^2的声能比TFU的四个数量级，足以成功地进行神经刺激。 OFUS通过非侵入性地提供超高精度的焦点，为神经科学研究和疾病治疗提供了新的功能。
High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological diseases. Current non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the millimeter level. Here, we report optically-generated focused ultrasound (OFUS) for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision. OFUS is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad (SOAP) fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane film. SOAP generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83 um, which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound (tFUS). Here, we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound cycle. We demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in vivo. An acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm^2, four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS, is sufficient for successful OFUS neurostimulation. OFUS offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision non-invasively.
