论文标题
光球上的黑点和黑子指数的计数
Dark dots on the photosphere and counting of the sunspots index
论文作者
论文摘要
在现代的卫星观测中，在连续体中以高空间分辨率以及高质量的地面观测观测到，可以观察到大量小的黑暗区域。这些区域没有半身，对比度高达20％，与太阳孔相似。此类结构的特征区域为$ 0.3 \ div5 \μ$ hm或$ 0.5 \ div5 $ mm。一个图像中此类点的数量可以是数百个。此类构造的性质尚不清楚。 我们已经选择了黑暗区域，对比度至少在2010 - 2020年连续体的SDO/HMI观察数据上至少3％。我们已经研究了“黑点，包括随着活动，区域分布和对比的变化的变化。我们还将这些结构与磁场的强度进行了比较。我们发现，磁场不到5 mHm的黑点数量不重要，其中磁场不小于| b | <30 g，该磁性的整体数量不超过这些尺寸的结构。这意味着这些结构的数量。这意味着这些结构的数量。可以显着影响黑子指数的计算，因为它们可能被误认为是孔。
On modern satellite observations of the Sun in the continuum with high spatial resolution, as well as on high-quality ground observations, a large number of small dark areas can be observed. These regions have no penumbra, have a contrast of up to 20% and are similar to solar pores. The characteristic area of such structures is $0.3\div5\ μ$hm or $0.5\div5$ Mm. The number of such points in one image can be several hundred. The nature of such formations remains unclear. We have performed the selection of dark regions with a contrast of at least 3% of the level of the quiet Sun on the SDO/HMI observational data in the continuum for 2010-2020. We have studied the properties of "dark points, including the change with the cycle of activity, area distribution and contrast. We also compared such structures with the intensity of the magnetic field. We found that the number of dark dots with an area of less than 5 mhm, in which the magnetic field is not significant and is less than |B|<30 G, is from 60 to 80% of the total number of structures of this size. This means that these objects are not associated with magnetic activity. The existence of such structures can significantly affect the calculations of the sunspot index, since they can be mistaken as pores.
