论文标题

智能合约的交易监控

Transaction Monitoring of Smart Contracts

论文作者

Capretto, Margarita, Ceresa, Martin, Sanchez, Cesar

论文摘要

区块链是现代分布式系统,可提供具有可信赖的保证的分散财务能力。智能合约是用在区块链上运行的专业编程语言编写的程序,并在发送和加密货币如何发送和接收加密货币。智能合约可以在执行外部用户发起的交易期间调用其他合同。 部署后,智能合约将无法修改,其陷阱可能会导致故障和损失,例如,通过恶意用户的攻击。运行时验证是提高智能合约可靠性的一种非常吸引人的技术。一种方法包括指定不希望的执行(永不索赔)并检测即时违反规范的行为。这可以通过扩展智能合约,并使用与监视指定属性相对应的其他说明来完成,从而导致OnChain监视方法。 在本文中,我们研究了交易监控,包括检测违反全面交易执行的行为,而不是交易中的个人操作。我们的主要贡献是表明在大多数区块链中不可能进行交易监控,并提出了可以进行交易监控的不同执行机制。

Blockchains are modern distributed systems that provide decentralized financial capabilities with trustable guarantees. Smart contracts are programs written in specialized programming languages running on a blockchain and govern how tokens and cryptocurrency are sent and received. Smart contracts can invoke other contracts during the execution of transactions initiated by external users. Once deployed, smart contracts cannot be modified and their pitfalls can cause malfunctions and losses, for example by attacks from malicious users. Runtime verification is a very appealing technique to improve the reliability of smart contracts. One approach consists of specifying undesired executions (never claims) and detecting violations of the specification on the fly. This can be done by extending smart contracts with additional instructions corresponding to monitor specified properties, resulting in an onchain monitoring approach. In this paper, we study transaction monitoring that consists of detecting violations of complete transaction executions and not of individual operations within transactions. Our main contributions are to show that transaction monitoring is not possible in most blockchains and propose different execution mechanisms that would enable transaction monitoring.

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