论文标题
用于频率的数字主动无效验证计读数:性能和延迟
Digital Active Nulling for Frequency-Multiplexed Bolometer Readout: Performance and Latency
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑在其反馈路径中相对较大的时间延迟时,将离散时间控制循环的稳定性和性能用作动态效果。 该形式的控制器使用频率 - 培训过渡边缘传感器(TES)冲线机出现在MM波望远镜中。在此应用程序中,需要负反馈来线性化用作放大器的超导量子干扰装置(Squid)。 $ m $此类反馈回路是通过在MHz区域在不同窄带频率下的鱿鱼频率进行频率的。循环潜伏期源于向上和下连接器的多相过滤库(PFB)的使用,并且随着这些实验中的检测器数量的增加而显着增长。 不出所料,循环稳定的总体增益$ K $的延迟限制。但是,延迟还会在封闭环的光谱响应中稳定增长时产生光谱峰。在这些峰附近,反馈回路放大(而不是抑制)在其求和交界处输入信号,使其不适合在一系列稳定增益上取消。 我们建立了一个关键的增益$ k_c $,在该$ k_c $之上出现了这种放大或“反开关”行为,并发现$ k_c $比系统变得不稳定的增益大约比3.8倍。 最后,我们描述了对循环调整算法的变化,该算法选择了适当的(稳定,有效)循环增益,而对由于组件公差引起的模拟增益的变化而没有敏感性。
We consider the stability and performance of a discrete-time control loop used as a dynamic nuller in the presence of a relatively large time delay in its feedback path. Controllers of this form occur in mm-wave telescopes using frequency-multiplexed Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers. In this application, negative feedback is needed to linearize a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) used as an amplifier. $M$ such feedback loops are frequency-multiplexed through a SQUID at distinct narrowband frequencies in the MHz region. Loop latencies stem from the use of polyphase filter bank (PFB) up- and down-converters and have grown significantly as the detector count in these experiments increases. As expected, latency places constraints on the overall gain $K$ for which the loop is stable. However, latency also creates spectral peaks at stable gains in the spectral response of the closed loop. Near these peaks, the feedback loop amplifies (rather than suppresses) input signals at its summing junction, rendering it unsuitable for nulling over a range of stable gains. We establish a critical gain $K_C$ above which this amplifying or "anti-nulling" behaviour emerges, and find that $K_C$ is approximately a factor of 3.8 below the gain at which the system becomes unstable. Finally, we describe an alteration to the loop tuning algorithm that selects an appropriate (stable, effective for nulling) loop gain without sensitivity to variations in analog gains due to component tolerances.