论文标题
量子微观动力学方法
Quantum microscopic dynamical approaches
论文作者
论文摘要
核物理学是测试和开发技术以描述量子多体系统的微观动力学的理想选择。在低能量时，核动力学以基于平均场近似及其扩展的非相关方法描述。引入了基于动作的平稳性的变异原理，以构建具有不同近似级别的理论模型。特别是，得出了平均场动力学的时间依赖性Hartree-fock（TDHF）方程，其线性近似（也称为随机相位近似（RPA））得出。在RPA水平上的振动光谱预测作为应用。然后讨论包括超越TDHF相关性和波动的包含。特别是，在BCS和Bogoliubov水平上处理配对相关性。最终引入了Balian-Veneroni变分原理。除了提供对平均场局限性的一些见解外，它还提供了将一体观察物的量子波动与时间依赖的RPA形式主义结合在一起的可能性。
Nuclear physics is ideal to test and develop techniques to describe the microscopic dynamics of quantum many-body systems. At low energy, nuclear dynamics is described with non-relativistic approaches based on the mean-field approximation and its extensions. Variational principles based on the stationarity of the action are introduced to build theoretical models with different levels of approximation. In particular, the time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) equation for mean-field dynamics and its linear approximation, also known as the Random Phase Approximation (RPA), are derived. Predictions of vibrational spectra at the RPA level are presented as an application. The inclusion of beyond TDHF correlations and fluctuations are then discussed. In particular, pairing correlations are treated at the BCS and Bogoliubov levels. The Balian-Veneroni variational principle is finally introduced. In addition to provide some insight into mean-field limitations, it offers a possibility to incorporate quantum fluctuations of one-body observables with the time-dependent RPA formalism.
