论文标题
量子误差校正：调整噪声的技术和应用
Quantum Error Correction: Noise-adapted Techniques and Applications
论文作者
论文摘要
当今的量子计算设备具有数十万个量子位，这些量子因与环境的不必要相互作用而高度容易受到噪声的影响。量子误差校正的理论提供了一种方案，通过该方案可以缓解这种噪声对量子状态的影响，从而为实现可靠的可扩展量子计算机铺平了道路。在本文中，我们调查了当前量子误差校正（QEC）代码的格局，重点介绍了适应噪声的QEC领域的最新理论进步，并突出了一些关键的开放问题。我们还讨论了这种自适应QEC技术与基本物理学之间出现的有趣联系，尤其是在多体物理学和宇宙学领域。我们对量子容错的理论进行了简要审查，该理论对物理噪声阈值进行了定量估计，以下是误差响应量子计算。
The quantum computing devices of today have tens to hundreds of qubits that are highly susceptible to noise due to unwanted interactions with their environment. The theory of quantum error correction provides a scheme by which the effects of such noise on quantum states can be mitigated, paving the way for realising robust, scalable quantum computers. In this article we survey the current landscape of quantum error correcting (QEC) codes, focusing on recent theoretical advances in the domain of noise-adapted QEC, and highlighting some key open questions. We also discuss the interesting connections that have emerged between such adaptive QEC techniques and fundamental physics, especially in the areas of many-body physics and cosmology. We conclude with a brief review of the theory of quantum fault tolerance which gives a quantitative estimate of the physical noise threshold below which error-resilient quantum computation is possible.
